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Abdomen Section 4 > Chapter 16 The Retroperitoneum (quizlet) > Flashcards

Chapter 16 The Retroperitoneum (quizlet) Flashcards

1
Q

Space between the post. portion of the parietal peritoneum & post abd wall muscles. Extends from the diaphragm to the pelvis.

A

Retroperitoneum

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2
Q

a large amount of potential space that fills with solid/cystic fluid

A

What does the retroperitoneum consist

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3
Q

Ant. pararenal space, perirenal & post. pararenal space

A

What 3 categories does the retroperitoneum have?

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4
Q

2 dimensions

A

Retroperitoneal Mass assessment

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5
Q

Determine the relationship of mass to other organs, blood vessels & structures

A

Retroperitoneal Mass assessment

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6
Q

The mass completely surrounds the organ. Organ isn’t typically seen.

A

Phantom Organ

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7
Q

Organ is embedded in the mass

A

Embedded organ

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8
Q

Acute angle between the mass & the organ. The mass is arising from the organ. If the angle is obtuse then the mass would be outside the organ

A

Beak Sign

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9
Q

Ant. Med & sup. to the kidneys. They are fixed & will separate from the kidney in deep inspiration or upright postition

A

Where do Adrenal Glands sit

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10
Q

Y or V

A

What is the shape of the adrenal glands

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11
Q

2-3 cm width, 4-6 cm length & 38 mm AP

A

What is the measurement for the adrenal gland & echogenicity

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12
Q

2 endocrine glands

A

What are the adrenal glands made up of

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13
Q

Mineralocorticoids which regulate electrolyte metabolism

A

What does the cortex secrete

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14
Q

Catecholamines(Epinephrine & norepinephrine

A

What does the medulla produce

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15
Q

Atrophy of adrenal cortex. Signs & symptoms manifest during stress or trauma

A

Addison’s Disease (Adrenal Cortical syndromes)

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16
Q

Increased sodium retention (edema)

A

Addison Disease symptoms

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17
Q

Excessive secretion of sex hormones & adrenal androgens

A

Adrenogenital Syndrome(adrenal virilism)

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18
Q

Newborn ambiguous genetalia

A

Symptoms of Adrenogenital Syndrome

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19
Q

Excessive secretion of aldosterone

A

Conn’s Syndrome (aldosteronism)

20
Q

Excessive secretion of cortisol

A

Cushing’s syndrome

21
Q

Truncal obesity

A

Cushing syndrome symptoms

22
Q

Bacterial sepsis,shock & necropsy with adrenal hemorrhage

A

Waterhouse-Friderichsen Syndrome

23
Q

Rare benign lesion

A

Adrenal Cyst

24
Q

Most common adrenal mass

A

Adrenal Adenoma

25
Q

Less than 2.5cm

A

Adrenal Adenoma measurement

26
Q

Benign tumors that contain hematopoietic & fatty elements

A

Myelolipoma

27
Q

Back pain

A

Myelolipoma symptoms

28
Q

Hyperechoic

A

Myelolipoma appearance

29
Q

Hyperfunctional or Nonfunctioning

A

malignant Adrenal Tumors (Primary)

30
Q

2-6cm

A

Malignant Adrenal Tumor measurement & appearance

31
Q

4th most common site for metastasis after lung, liver and bone

A

Metastasis(Secondary adrenal tumor)

32
Q

Secretes epinephrine & norepinephrine (catacholamines) in excessive quantities

A

Pheochromocytoma

33
Q

Intermittent HTN

A

Pheochromocytoma Symptoms

34
Q

Homogenous

A

Pheochromocytom appearance

35
Q

Most common malignancy in childhood & infancy

A

Adrenal Neuroblastoma

36
Q

Heterogeneous

A

Adrenal Neuroblastoma appearance

37
Q

Assoc with severe stress, trauma or infection

A

Adrenal Hemorrhage

38
Q

Acute hemorrhage

A

Adrenal Hemorrhage appearance

39
Q

Consist of small caliber vessels & functioning bean shaped nodes

A

Lymphatic system(Lymph nodes)

40
Q

Collect interstitial water, electrolytes & colloids for filtration in the nodes & return the waste to the blood stream

A

Lymph Capillaries

41
Q

Produce lymphocytes and are vital in the proper fx of the immune system

A

Lymph Nodes

42
Q

Assess node size

A

Lymphadenopathy measurement

43
Q

Malignant nodules are usually round or oval

A

Lymphadenopathy appearance

44
Q

Occurs spontaneously or due to trauma, medical intervention or from anticoagulation

A

Retroperitoneal Hemorrhage

45
Q

If the distance between the spine & post. aortic wall is greater than 0.5cm

A

Lymphadenopathy or Retroperitoneal bleed

46
Q

Idiopathic(don’t know cause)

A

Retroperitoneal Fibrosis(Ormond’s Disease)

47
Q

Hypoechoic tissue surrounding the aorta

A

Retroperitoneal Fibrosis(Ormond’s Disease) appearance

Abdomen Section 4 (12 decks)

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