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Urinary Exam 1 > Renal Processing of Urea and Glucose > Flashcards

Renal Processing of Urea and Glucose Flashcards

1
Q

Where are amino acids absorbed?

A

PCT

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2
Q

How is urea reabsorbed in the PCT?

A

Dragged with water

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3
Q

Where is urea secreted?

A

Into the thin portions of the loop of Henle

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4
Q

What secretes urea into the thin loops?

A

UT-A2 (urea transporter A2)

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5
Q

What uptakes AA in the PCT?

A

Solute transporter carriers (SLC)

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6
Q

Normal BUN levels?

A

7-18 mg/dL

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7
Q

What does urea cause in the medullary interstitial space?

A

Reabsorption of water

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8
Q

What affect does ADH/AVP have?

A

Causes UT-A1 to reabsorb urea from the collecting duct in order to maintain a gradient in the medulla between collecting ducts and the thin ascending loop to draw water out of the tubules

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9
Q

What moves urea across the collecting ducts membranes?

A

Apical: UT-A1
Basolateral: UT-A3

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10
Q

What secondary messenger is used by ADH/AVP to activate UT-A1?

A

cAMP

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11
Q

What absorbs glucose across the PCT apical and basolateral membrane?

A

Apical: SGLT (sodium glucose)
Basolateral: GLUT 1/2

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12
Q

What creates the gradient for sodium to be used in the apical SGLT?

A

Na/K ATPase

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13
Q

What can occur in excess glucose concentration in the PCT?

A

SGLT can become oversaturated

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14
Q

When does splay occur?

A

When SGLT are oversaturated

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15
Q

Why is splay a curve and not a straight line?

A

Due to the many SGLT receptors with different glucose tubular maximums in the various nephrons

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16
Q

What does SLC1A1 code for?

A

Excitatory amino-acid transporter 3 (EAAT3)

17
Q

What are EAAT3 also known as?

A

High affinity glutamate transporters

18
Q

What drives AA transport?

A

The negative cell charge

19
Q

Where are oligopeptides absorbed?

A

PCT

DCT

20
Q

What absorbs oligopeptides in the PCT and DCT respectively?

A

PCT: PepT1
DCT: PepT2

21
Q

PepT1 vs PepT2:

A

PepT1: high capacity low affinity
PepT2: low capacity high affinity

22
Q

What is needed for oligopeptides to be absorbed?

A

Sodium

23
Q

General mechanism of protein reabsorption?

A

Bind to receptor then endocytosed through clathrin coated pit to lysosomes and digested

24
Q

What takes up albumin from the PCT?

A

Megalin

Cubulin

25
Q

What transports carboxylates on apical?

A

Na-dependent mono-di-tri-carboxylate transporters

26
Q

What transports dicarboxylates on the basolateral side?

A

OAT1 and OAT3

27
Q

How does OAT work?

A

Pumps dicarboxylates across the basolateral for an organic anion into the cell

Urinary Exam 1 (16 decks)

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