Kidney and Adrenal Anatomy Flashcards
Where are the arteries within the kidney mainly found?
Renal columns
Where are the majority of Bowerman’s capsule found?
In the cortex
Which kidney is higher?
Left (by 4 centimeters)
Which renal artery is longer?
Right renal artery
What can compress the left renal vein?
Aorta and SMA
Where does the superior adrenal artery arise from?
Inferior phrenic artery
Where does the middle adrenal artery arise from?
Aorta
Where does the inferior adrenal artery arise from?
Renal arteries
Shape of right and left adrenal gland respectively:
Right: Triangular
Left: Crescent
What does the left renal vein pass deep to?
Superior mesenteric artery
What does the ureter cross over?
The external iliac just past the common iliac bifurcation
What runs over the ureter giving off branches?
Gonadal arteries
How many arteries branch off the renal arteries to supply the kidney?
Five (four anterior one posterior in the middle)
What are the five segments the segmental arteries supply?
Superior to inferior and last one is the posterior one: Apical Anterosuperior Anterioinferior Inferior Posterior
What are the layers of fat/fascia surrounding the kidney from outside in?
Pararenal fat
Renal fascia
Perirenal fat
What are all the arteries that supply blood to the ureters?
Aorta, internal iliacs, common iliacs, renal artery, superior vesicle artery (vesicle= bladder)
What does the cortex and medulla of the adrenal gland produce respectively?
Cortex: Steroids (lipid molecules)
Medulla: Water soluble catecholamines (dopamine, epi, norepi)
What are the colors of the cortex and medulla of the adrenal gland respectively?
Cortex: Creamy gold
Medulla: Brownish color
What do chromaffin cells release?
Catecholamines
What is unique about innervation to the adrenal glands?
Pre-ganglionic sympathetic chain terminates on the medullary chromaffin cells directly not on a post-ganglionic
