Renal physiology Flashcards
filtrate definition
liquid that has passed through a filter
urine in this case
lumen definition
inside space of a tubular structure
urinary space= tubular space
paracellular definition
between the cells
absorption between cells of the tubule
basolateral definition
surface below/to the side
surface of the tubular cell next to the bloodstream
osmolality definition
concentration of a solution
diffusion definition
movement of molecules from high to low concentration
reabsorption definition
movement of substance from tubular lumen into the blood
secretion definition
movement of substance from blood into tubular lumen
concentration of the filtrate
osmolality and movement of molecules along concentration gradient
also movement of molecules by active transport facilitated by transporters
structure of the kidneys
retroperitoneal
T12-L3
blood supply= renal arteries directly from aorta
25% of circulating blood
right lower than the left of to the weight of the liver
cross section of the kidney
functional unit/ nephron
functions of the kidney
filtering
reabsorption
secretion
what is each nephron comprised of
afferent arteriole
glomerulus
efferent arteriole
macula densa
PCT loop
DCT
collecting duct
2 types of nephron
cortical
juxtaglomerular
cortical nephron
glomerulus that sits high in the cortex
loop that enters medullar superficially
juxtaglomerular nephron
low lying glomerulus in cortex
loops that extend deep into the medulla
label the image
purple is glomerulus
gold is arteiroles
tight proximity of glomeruli
3 main functions of the kidney
homeostatic function
hormonal influence
protein catabolism and gluconeogenesis
homeostatic function
blood pressure
urine production, filtering reabsorption of sodium and water
osmolality, salt and water balance
hormonal influence
rennin
angiotensin 2
PG-E
endothelia
bradykinin
EPO
calcitriol
how much filter does the kidney receive daily and then how much urine is produced
180L
but reabsorb 99% filtrate so urine 1-2L per day
summary of actions in the connecting segment and cortical collecting duct
aldosterone mediated potassium secretion by principal cells
hydrogen ion secretion by alpha intercalated cells
potassium reabsorption by alpha intercalated cells
ADH-mediated water reabsorption
summary of actions in the medullary collecting duct
potassium reabsorption or secretion
final NaCl reabsorption
ADH-mediated water ad urea reabsorption
hydrogen ion and Nh3 secretion