Changing health behaviours and beliefs Flashcards
what are health interventions
cominbaiton of learning experiences designated to facilitate voluntary actions that are conducive to health
problem is identified and practitioner has to find strategies to help change behaviours related to that problem
what is a behaviour change technique
strategy that helps and individual change their behaviour to promote better health
examples of behaviour change techniques
modelling
active learning
risk scenario information
anticipated regret
fear arousal
procedural information
goal setting
health risk behaviour
any activity undertaken with a frequency or intensity that increases risk of disease or injury
motivational models
predict health at particular points in time
define variables that determine health behaviour and assess their ability to predict it
researched motivational models
health belief model
protection motivation theory
social cognitive theory
theory of reasoned action
theory of planned behaviour
health belief model
issues with the health belief models
doesnt specify how these behaviours influence each other or how they combine to influence behaviour
no operational definition of the variables, leads to studies using varied methodologies
offers empirical support for behaviours: mammography, breast self exam, medication compliance
effects usually small
theory of planned behaviour
social cognitive theory
behaviours performed if people believe they have control over outcome
perceive few external barriers towards reaching their goals
confidence in their ability to achieve
self- efficacy
outcome experiences
limitations of social cognitive theory
only a small to medium amount of variance in behaviour
self efficacy
personal sense of control that facilitates behaviour change
outcome expectancies
perception of possible consequences of ones actions
reciprocal determinism
motivation model
pressures when individual’s motivation is high it will lead to corresponding behaviour
intention behaviour gap
doesnt address psychological processes by which motivation/intention is translated into action
intention behaviour gap
despite good intentions people often fail to translate their intentions into actual behaviour.-
multi stage models
behaviour change occurs in stages
different variable determine behaviour at each stage
single prediction equation doesnt design effective behaviour change
barriers when trying to change are different at various stages
match interventions to people according to stage they’ve reached in changing behaviours
6 stages of the trans theoretical model of change
precontmeplation
contemplation
preparation
action
maintenance
relapse prevention
describe the stages of the trans theoretical model of change
problem with health behaviour chang models
overlap between different models often mixed up in research
identifying main predictors of behaviour isn’t necessarily determinant of behaviour change
theories often only suggest what needs to be changed in order to generate behaviour modification
doesnt say how this can be induced
com-B model
highlights wider factors that can influence changes in behaviour
3 components to any behaviour:
capability
opportunity
motivation
lets eat together
family mealtime intervention targeting shared meals
has unique focus on mealtime enjoyment with parent and child
aim to increase frequency of shared family meals
findings of the lets eat together programme
over 10 weeks
frequency of shared family meals increased
with proportion of convenience or fast food also decreased
challenges to change
feasible
proving replicable and sustainable change
provide incomplete understanding of behaviour change
focused on individual determinants of change
considerations
agency/place
classed identity
power
questions to ask about power
what resources are available
what material is accessible to them
what possibilities for change are afforded by their situations
whose interest is this intervention
behaviour change
downstream factors
mainstream factors
upstream factors
downstream factors
directly involve an individual
potentially be altered by individual interventions
mainstream factos
those that result from relationship of individual with larger group
upstream factors
grounded in social structures and policies
