Renal - Miscellaneous Flashcards
Diabetic ketoacidosis causes a decrease in serum _________ and _________.
Diabetic ketoacidosis causes a decrease in serum bicarbonate and ammonia.
What syndrome mimics the effects of a loop diuretic?
Bartter syndrome
What syndrome mimics the effects of a thiazide diuretic?
Gitelman syndrome
What syndrome is due to a gain of function in ENaC transporters?
Liddle’s syndrome
Name two antibiotics which inhibit collecting duct K+ excretion.
Trimethoprim;
pentamidine
Name two immunosuppressants which inhibit collecting duct K+ excretion.
Cyclosporine;
tacrolimus
_______tic syndrome is mostly associated with large amounts of proteinuria, and _______tic syndrome is mostly associated with hematuria and renal inflammation.
Nephrotic syndrome is mostly associated with large amounts of proteinuria, and nephritic syndrome is mostly associated with hematuria and renal inflammation.
Tubulointerstitial disease presents with _________ urinalysis and ________ GFR.
Tubulointerstitial disease presents with benign urinalysis and decreased GFR.
Glomerular disease presents with _____uria and _____uria.
Glomerular disease presents with proteinuria (> 1 g/day) and hematuria
Fatty casts are associated with __________ syndromes.
Fatty casts are associated with nephrotic syndromes.
RBC casts are associated with __________ syndromes.
RBC casts are associated with nephritic syndromes.
WBC casts are associated with what?
Acute pyelonephritis;
interstitial nephritis
Brown, granular casts are associated with what?
Acute tubular necrosis
Waxy casts are associated with what?
Chronic renal disease
Name the cast type found in each of the following disorders:
Chronic renal disease
Nephritic syndromes
Nephrotic syndromes
Waxy casts
RBC casts
Fatty casts
Name the cast type found in each of the following disorders:
Acute pyelonephritis
Acute tubular necrosis
Interstitial nephritis
WBC casts
Brown, granular casts
WBC casts
Casts are only seen in diseases involving which organ system(s)?
Renal diseases only
Which renal disorder class is associated with glomerular crescents?
Rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis
Which causes of rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis are Pauci-immune (have no immunofluoresence)?
Granulomatosis with polyangiitis (Wegener’s);
microscopic polyangiitis;
eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (Churg-Strauss)
Which cause of rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis has linear pattern on immunofluoresence?
Goodpasture’s syndrome
Which potential causes of rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis show non-linear patterns on immunofluoresence?
SLE;
poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis;
membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis
Is Henoch-Schönlein purpura associated with nephrotic or nephritic renal disease?
Nephritic
