Pulm - Restrictive Disease

Question 1

What category of pulmonary diseases is characterized by interstitial fibrosis due to occupational exposure?

Answer 1

Pneumoconioses

Question 2

Pneumonconioses are caused by chronic exposure to ________genic particles engulfed by _____________.

Answer 2

Pneumonconioses are caused by chronic exposure to fibrogenic particles engulfed by alveolar macrophages.

Question 3

Name four types of pneumoconiosis:

1. _____________ pneumoconiosis
2. Silicosis
3. Beryllosis
4. Asbestosis

Answer 3

Name four types of pneumoconiosis:

1. Coal workers’ pneumoconiosis
2. Silicosis
3. Beryllosis
4. Asbestosis

Question 4

Name four types of pneumoconiosis:

1. Coal workers’ pneumoconiosis
2. ___________
3. Beryllosis
4. Asbestosis

Answer 4

Name four types of pneumoconiosis:

1. Coal workers’ pneumoconiosis
2. Silicosis
3. Beryllosis
4. Asbestosis

Question 5

Name four types of pneumoconiosis:

1. Coal workers’ pneumoconiosis
2. Silicosis
3. ___________
4. Asbestosis

Answer 5

Name four types of pneumoconiosis:

1. Coal workers’ pneumoconiosis
2. Silicosis
3. Beryllosis
4. Asbestosis

Question 6

Name four types of pneumoconiosis:

1. Coal workers’ pneumoconiosis
2. Silicosis
3. Beryllosis
4. ___________

Answer 6

Name four types of pneumoconiosis:

1. Coal workers’ pneumoconiosis
2. Silicosis
3. Beryllosis
4. Asbestosis

Question 7

Name the major occupation(s) associated with carbon dust exposure.

Answer 7

Coal mining

(coal workers’ pneumoconiosis)

Question 8

Name the major occupation(s) associated with silica exposure.

Answer 8

Sandblasters;

silica miners

Question 9

Name the major occupation(s) associated with beryllium exposure.

Answer 9

Beryllium miners;

the aerospace industry

Question 10

Name the major occupation(s) associated with asbestos exposure.

Answer 10

Construction workers;

plumbers;

shipyard workers

Question 11

How does coal miners’ pneumoconiosis appear in the lung tissue?

Answer 11

Diffuse fibrosis

(‘black lung’)

Question 12

Coal miners’ pneumoconiosis is associated with ___________ arthritis in ___________ syndrome.

Answer 12

Coal miners’ pneumoconiosis is associated with rheumatoid arthritis in Caplan syndrome.

Question 13

How does silicosis appear in the lung tissue?

Answer 13

Fibrotic nodules in the upper lobes

Question 14

How does berylliosis appear in the body tissues?

Answer 14

Noncaseating granulomas in the lungs, hilar lymph nodes, and systemic organs

Question 15

How does asbestosis appear in the pulmonary tissues?

Answer 15

Fibrotic lung/pleural plaques

Question 16

Mild exposure to carbon results in __________sis, collections of carbon-laden macrophages which are not clinically significant.

Answer 16

Mild exposure to carbon results in anthracosis, collections of carbon-laden macrophages which are not clinically significant.

Question 17

Silicosis increases risk of ___________sis.

Answer 17

Silicosis increases risk of Tuberculosis.

Question 18

How does silicosis cause its fibrotic changes?

Answer 18

Impaired phagolysosome formation in macrophages

Question 19

True/False.

Beryllosis increases risk of lung cancer.

Answer 19

True.

Question 20

Describe the asbestos bodies associated with asbestos lesions.

Answer 20

Long, golden-brown fibers associated with iron

Question 21

What size of particles are most dangerous to our lungs when inhaled?

Answer 21

1 - 5 microns

Question 22

List the following pneumoconioses in order of increasing carcinogenicity:

Silicosis, berylliosis, asbestosis, coal worker’s

Answer 22

List the following pneumoconioses in order of increasing carcinogenicity:

Berylliosis, coal worker’s, silicosis, asbestosis

Question 23

Inhalation of fibrogenic particles (e.g. in pneumoconioses) causes a release of what fibrogenic cytokines?

Answer 23

TGF-beta,

IL-6,

ROS

Question 24

Name the three acute forms of intrinsic restrictive lung disease that are all manifestations of diffuse alveolar damage.

Answer 24

ARDS (adults);

neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (infants);

acute interstitial pneumonia (no identifiable cause)

Question 25

The presentation of cryptogenic organizing pneumonia (bronchiolitis obliterans) is caused by what basic mechanism?

Answer 25

Fibroblastic plugs in the bronchioles and alveoli

Question 26

How does cryptogenic organizing pneumonia (bronchiolitis obliterans) present on CXR?

Answer 26

Triangular, patchy consolidations

(apex pointing toward hilum)

Question 27

What is the most common interstitial lung disease?

Answer 27

Sarcoidosis

Question 28

What disorder is here described?

Diffuse interstitial granulomatous pneumonitis caused by exposure to inhaled organic antigens.

Answer 28

Hypersensitivity pneumonitis