Pulm - Pediatric Disease Flashcards
What are the stages of pulmonary embryology?
- Embryonic
- Pseudoglandular
- Cannalicular
- Saccular
- Alveolar
Name the time periods of the following stages of pulmonary development:
- Embryonic
- Pseudoglandular
- Cannalicular
- Saccular
- Alveolar
- (Follow the sixes)*
1. Weeks 3 - 6
2. Weeks 6 - 16
3. Weeks 16 - 26
4. Weeks 26 - 36
5. Weeks 36 - adolescence
What happens in the embryonic stage of pulmonary development?
(Embryonic –> Pseudoglandular –> Cannalicular –> Saccular –> Alveolar)
Outpouching of foregut;
development all the way to lobar bronchi
What happens in the pseudoglandular stage of pulmonary development?
(Embryonic –> Pseudoglandular –> Cannalicular –> Saccular –> Alveolar)
Development all the way to terminal bronchioles
What happens in the cannalicular stage of pulmonary development?
(Embryonic –> Pseudoglandular –> Cannalicular –> Saccular –> Alveolar)
Development of type I and type II pneumocytes
What happens in the saccular stage of pulmonary development?
(Embryonic –> Pseudoglandular –> Cannalicular –> Saccular –> Alveolar)
Capillary bed development;
surfactant production increases
What happens in the alveolar stage of pulmonary development?
(Embryonic –> Pseudoglandular –> Cannalicular –> Saccular –> Alveolar)
Alveolar invaginations
(increase in number)
Gas exchange is first supported in which phase of pulmonary embryology?
Late cannalicular
(embryonic –> pseudoglandular –> cannalicular –> saccular –> alveolar)
What is the term given to the lung disease in infants who have persistent respiratory distress syndrome and continued airway/parenchymal abnormalities?
Bronchopulmonary dysplasia
Progression to bronchopulmonary dysplasia is assessed at day ____ in patients with persistent respiratory distress syndrome.
Progression to bronchopulmonary dysplasia is assessed at day 28 in patients with persistent respiratory distress syndrome.
A newborn presents with inspiratory stridor due to a malformed, floppy laryngeal structure (causing airway collapse during inspiration).
What is the name of this condition characterized by an omega-shaped epiglottis, arytenoid collapse, and a short aryepiglottic fold?
Laryngomalacia
A newborn presents with noisy breathing due to a malformed, floppy airway (causing airway collapse).
What is the name of this condition characterized by absence or abnormal development of tracheal cartilagenous C-rings?
Tracheobronchomalacia
What is the most common subtype of tracheoesophageal fistula?
Esophageal Atresia with distal TEF (87%)
Tracheoesophageal fistulas are incomplete outpouching of the primitive __________.
Tracheoesophageal fistulas are incomplete outpouching of the primitive foregut.
What congenital lung disorder is characterized by normal, non-functioning lung tissue that is not connected to the bronchial tree?
(Note: may be bronchopulmonary foregut malformation, (abnormal lung tissue connected to GI tract), intralobar, and extralobar.)
Pulmonary sequestration
