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PSIO 202 > Renal III: Tubular Reabsorption and Secretion > Flashcards

Renal III: Tubular Reabsorption and Secretion Flashcards

1
Q

What is tubular reabsorption?

A

Materials transfer from tubular fluid back into the blood

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2
Q

Where does most reabsorption occur?

A

in PCT (rest of nephron does fine tuning)

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3
Q

What is tubular secretion?

A

When materials are transferred from blood to tubular fluid

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4
Q

How does tubular reabsorption work?

A

By active and passive processes
Water follows solutes by osmosis
Small proteins move into the blood by pinocytosis

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5
Q

What is paracellular reabsorption?

A

Reabsorption between cells
50% of reabsorbed material moves between cells by diffusion

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6
Q

What is transcellular reabsorption?

A

Reabsorption through cells
Material moves through both apical and basal membranes of tubule cell by active transport

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7
Q

How is water reabsorbed?

A

Only by osmosis

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8
Q

What is obligatory water reabsorption?

A

Water is “obliged” to follow the solutes being reabsorbed
Reabsorption always happens

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9
Q

What is facultative water reabsorption?

A

Water reabsorption is under control of antidiuretic hormone (ADH)

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10
Q

What do Na+ symporters do?

A

Help reabsorb materials from tubular filtrate
(Glucose, amino acids, lactic acid, water-soluble vitamins)

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11
Q

What does reabsorption in the PCT rely on?

A

low intracellular Na+

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12
Q

How are intracellular sodium levels kept low in the PCT?

A

by Na+/K+ pumps on basolateral side

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13
Q

Is filtrate hypo, iso, or hypertonic to blood at the end of the PCT?

A

isotonic

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14
Q

What do Na+ antiporters help secrete in the PCT?

A

acid, H+

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15
Q

What do Na+ antiporters rely on for secretion in the PCT?

A

low intracellular Na+

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16
Q

What happens when renal threshold is exceeded?

A

transport is limited

17
Q

What is a renal threshold?

A

The limits on rate of transport for renal symporters

18
Q

What reabsorption occurs in the descending limb of the loop of Henle? And is it active or passive?

A

osmosis (water reabsorption)
passive reabsorption

19
Q

What is reabsorbed in the thin ascending limb of the loop of henle? And is it passive or active?

A

NaCl
passive reabsorption

20
Q

What symporters does the thick ascending limb of the loop of henle have?

A

Na+/K+/2Cl-

21
Q

Is filtrate hypo, iso, or hypertonic at the end of the loop of henle?

A

hypotonic

22
Q

Is filtrate hypo iso, or hypertonic in the early DCT?

A

hypotonic

23
Q

The early DCT reabsorbs both ions and water, which i s it more permeable to?

A

water

24
Q

Is all water reabsorption obligatory or facultative until the late DCT?

A

obligatory reabsorption

25
Q

What two cell types are in the late DCT and collecting duct?

A

Principal cells and intercalated cells

26
Q

What is the function of principal cells in the late DCT and CD?

A

reabsorb Na+
reabsorb H2O if ADH is present
secrete K+

27
Q

What is the function of intercalated cells in the late DCT and CD?

A

reabsorb K+ and HCO3-
secrete H+

28
Q

How does drinking water produce dilute urine?

A

Decreases blood osmolarity
Inhibits ADH release
increases H2O loss in urine
more water in urine = more dilute

29
Q

Does filtrate osmolarity increase or decrease as it moves down the descending limb of the loop of henle?

A

increase (more solutes than water)

30
Q

Does filtrate osmolarity increase or decrease as it moves up the ascending limb of the loop of henle?

A

decreases (solutes leave)

31
Q

Does filtrate osmolarity increase or decrease in the collecting duct?

A

decreases to produce dilute urine

32
Q

Does ADH make the late DCT and CD permeable or impermeable to water?

A

permeable, allows for maximum water reabsorption
(anti-diuretic, less urine = want less water in urine)

PSIO 202 (12 decks)

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