Renal Function & Related Tests Flashcards
what test is used for overral renal function?
urinalysis
chemically induced defects in proximal sugar reabsorption by the proximal convoluted tubule
glucosuria
excretion of _____ _____ _____ ______ can lead to glomerular damage
high molecular weight protein
a waste product of protein metabolism excreted by the kidneys
Urea (BUN)
what is abnormal BUN by itself called?
uremia
where is BUN produced?
liver
what is a high BUN in creatinine called?
azotemia
CHF, Addison’s disease, hemorrhage, dehydration, and increased protein catabolism can cause what?
pre-renal azotemia
acute/chronic renal failure and glomerular nephritis can cause what?
renal azotemia
UTI or urinary tract obstruction can cause what?
post-renal azotemia
what is a patient with an increased BUN and normal creatinine experiencing?
pre-renal azotemia
what is a patient with an decreased BUN and normal creatinine experiencing?
renal azotemia
what is a patient with an increased BUN and increased creatinine experiencing?
post-renal azotemia
the final breakdown product of purine metabolism in the liver and is filtered by the glomerulus and reabsorbed by the PCT
uric acid
what does high uric acid lead to?
build up of crystals
what is synthesized in the liver from ARG, GLY, and MET?
creatinine
what makes creatinine a good indicator of kidney function?
removed by kidneys and not reabsorbed
what levels should we check before doing a CT with contrast to ensure kidneys can excrete the contrast? (2)
BUN and creatinine
what test will be used to measure GFR?
24hr urine
because GFR can be affected by body size, we always include body _____ _____
surface area
what is GFR used to diagnose?
CKD
a low molecular weight protease inhibitor produced by all nucleated cells, filtered freely by the glomerulus, and not secreted by the kidney, nor absorbed
cystacin C
what should we test to measure GFR when race cannot be specified?
cystacin C
which gives the most accurate measurement of GFR?
cystacin C
what does a low cystacin C indicate?
high GFR
