Renal Function & Related Tests

Question 1

what test is used for overral renal function?

Answer 1

urinalysis

Question 2

chemically induced defects in proximal sugar reabsorption by the proximal convoluted tubule

Answer 2

glucosuria

Question 3

excretion of _____ _____ _____ ______ can lead to glomerular damage

Answer 3

high molecular weight protein

Question 4

a waste product of protein metabolism excreted by the kidneys

Answer 4

Urea (BUN)

Question 5

what is abnormal BUN by itself called?

Answer 5

uremia

Question 6

where is BUN produced?

Answer 6

liver

Question 7

what is a high BUN in creatinine called?

Answer 7

azotemia

Question 8

CHF, Addison’s disease, hemorrhage, dehydration, and increased protein catabolism can cause what?

Answer 8

pre-renal azotemia

Question 9

acute/chronic renal failure and glomerular nephritis can cause what?

Answer 9

renal azotemia

Question 10

UTI or urinary tract obstruction can cause what?

Answer 10

post-renal azotemia

Question 11

what is a patient with an increased BUN and normal creatinine experiencing?

Answer 11

pre-renal azotemia

Question 12

what is a patient with an decreased BUN and normal creatinine experiencing?

Answer 12

renal azotemia

Question 13

what is a patient with an increased BUN and increased creatinine experiencing?

Answer 13

post-renal azotemia

Question 14

the final breakdown product of purine metabolism in the liver and is filtered by the glomerulus and reabsorbed by the PCT

Answer 14

uric acid

Question 15

what does high uric acid lead to?

Answer 15

build up of crystals

Question 16

what is synthesized in the liver from ARG, GLY, and MET?

Answer 16

creatinine

Question 17

what makes creatinine a good indicator of kidney function?

Answer 17

removed by kidneys and not reabsorbed

Question 18

what levels should we check before doing a CT with contrast to ensure kidneys can excrete the contrast? (2)

Answer 18

BUN and creatinine

Question 19

what test will be used to measure GFR?

Answer 19

24hr urine

Question 20

because GFR can be affected by body size, we always include body _____ _____

Answer 20

surface area

Question 21

what is GFR used to diagnose?

Answer 21

CKD

Question 22

a low molecular weight protease inhibitor produced by all nucleated cells, filtered freely by the glomerulus, and not secreted by the kidney, nor absorbed

Answer 22

cystacin C

Question 23

what should we test to measure GFR when race cannot be specified?

Answer 23

cystacin C

Question 24

which gives the most accurate measurement of GFR?

Answer 24

cystacin C

Question 25

what does a low cystacin C indicate?

Answer 25

high GFR