Fundamentals

Question 1

tests that anyone can perform as long as they follow the instructions

Answer 1

waived (simple) complexity

Question 2

moderate complexity and high complexity tests require _____

Answer 2

interpretation

Question 3

testing in which a physician can perform interpretation in office

Answer 3

provider performed microscopy

Question 4

in provider performed microscopy, the specimen is _____ and ____ is limited

Answer 4

labile; handling

Question 5

70% of clinical diagnoses are based on what?

Answer 5

laboratory results

Question 6

testing for disease without the presence of symptoms

Answer 6

screening

Question 7

what gives the results in laboratory testing?

Answer 7

absorption of light

Question 8

factors that affect lab results can be ______ or ______

Answer 8

physiological; procedural

Question 9

what puts the patient at immediate risk for morbidity?

Answer 9

critical/panic values

Question 10

data that is based on numbers

Answer 10

quantitative data

Question 11

data that is based on observations

Answer 11

qualitative data

Question 12

what is an example of a test that give qualitative data?

Answer 12

pregnancy test

Question 13

reference ranges differ based on: (2)

Answer 13

1. instrumentation
2. local population

Question 14

how close a result is to the true value

Answer 14

accuracy

Question 15

how close repeated measurements are to the true value

Answer 15

precision

Question 16

ability of the test to identify positive results in patients who actually have the disease

Answer 16

sensitivity

Question 17

high sensitivity tests are most commonly used in what kind of tests?

Answer 17

screening tests

Question 18

the percent of negative results in people without the disease

Answer 18

specificity

Question 19

high specificity tests are most commonly used in what kind of tests?

Answer 19

confirmatory tests

Question 20

what is used to assess a test’s reliability?

Answer 20

predictive value

Question 21

what does the predictive value of a positive test tell me?

Answer 21

the probability that a patient with a positive test actually has the disease

Question 22

what does the predictive value of a negative test tell me?

Answer 22

the probability that a patient with a negative test does not have the disease

Question 23

errors that occur before laboratory testing

Answer 23

pre-analytical errors

Question 24

errors that occur at the time of testing

Answer 24

analytical errors

Question 25

errors that occur after laboratory testing has been done

Answer 25

post-analytical errors

Question 26

which type of laboratory error is most common?

Answer 26

preanalytical error

Question 27

what kind of blood sample is used for tests when serum, plasma, or buffy coat is needed?

Answer 27

venous

Question 28

what kind of blood sample is used for analysis of blood gas values?

Answer 28

arterial

Question 29

what kind of blood sample is used when venipuncture is difficult or less blood is required?

Answer 29

capillary

Question 30

what is the order of the collection tube chart?

Answer 30

light blue
dark blue
red
gold
light green
green
lavender
pink
dark blue
white/yellow/gray

Question 31

what is the liquid portion of a centrifuged tube?

Answer 31

plasma

Question 32

what is contained in the buffy coat?

Answer 32

platelets and WBCs

Question 33

what is the fluid called that is collected in a tube with an anticoagulant and clotting factors remain in the blood?

Answer 33

plasma

Question 34

what is the fluid called in which the blood clots, and the blood loses its clotting factors?

Answer 34

serum

Question 35

samples should be analyzed within ___ hours of collection

Answer 35

24

Question 36

in a blood sample, we must remove the ____ or ____ from the cells

Answer 36

plasma; serum

Question 37

what can be freezed? (2)

Answer 37

1. serum
2. plasma