renal failure Flashcards
1
Q
ACUTE RENAL FAILURE
PRERENAL (GFR FAILURE)
REVERSIBLE
A
- HYPOPERFUSION OF KIDNEY
- structural lesions of renal vascular
- generalized hypotension
- drug effects on nephron perfusion
- renal stenosis
- DECREASE RENAL PERFUSION
- hypovolemia
- hemorrhage
- diarrhea
- vomiting
- CHF
2
Q
ACUTE RENAL FAILURE
INTRARENAL (GFR FAILURE)
REVERSIBLE
A
- originate from DIRECT DAMAGE TO NEPHRON SYSTEM
- either glomerulus or nephron
- glomerulonephritis
- interstitial nephritis
- ischemia
- rhabdomyolysis
- sepsis
3
Q
ACUTE RENAL FAILURE
POSTRENAL (GFR FAILURE)
REVERSIBLE
A
- originate from URINARY TRACT OBSTRUCTION
- kidney stone
- prostate enlargement
- spasm
4
Q
PROBLEMS
A
- INCREASE UREA
- INCREASE CREATININE
- HYPONATREMIA
- excessive sweating HYPERNATREMIA
- METABOLIC ACIDOSIS
- RENIN ANGIOTENSIN ALDOSTERONE SYSTEM
- CALCIUM ABSORPTION
- ERYTHROPOIETIN ANEMIA
5
Q
CHRONIC RENAL FAILURE DIABETIC NEPHROPATHY (MCC)
A
- IRREVERSIBLE LOSS OF NEPHRON
- INCREASE glomerular capillary pressure
- hyperfiltration
- INCREASE work load
- FIBROSIS
- scarring, loss of additional nephrons
- HALLMARK MICROALBUMINURIA
- disease begins with INCREASE GFR above normal due to glomerular hypertension then DECREASE GFR
- PROTEINURIA
6
Q
most common cause of CHRONIC RENAL FAILURE
A
- DIABETIC NEPHROPATHY (MCC)
7
Q
second most common cause of CHRONIC RENAL FAILURE
A
- HYPERTENSION
