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RENAL PHYSIOLOGY > GFR > Flashcards

GFR Flashcards

1
Q

GFR

A
  • is the rate at which fluid is filtered in the bowman capsule
  • in a health male 120ml/min
  • 180L/day
  • 1 kidney removed GFR decreases 25%
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2
Q

increasing glomerular capillary pressure

A
  • will increase the decreasing GFR
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3
Q

main factor in determining GFR

A
  • glomerular capillary pressure
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4
Q

GLOMERULAR CAPILLARY PRESSURE is proportional to

A
  • GFR
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5
Q

plasma protein oncotic force (oncotic pressure of glomerular capillary)

A
  • promotes reabsorption
  • the more concentrated the proteins the greater the force promoting reabsorption
  • decrease GFR
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6
Q

diarrhea
vomiting stomach contents
excess sweating
is losing fluid in the body but not protein

A
  • plasma protein concentration increases

- decrease GFR

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7
Q

plasma protein become more concentrated

A
  • decrease GFR
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8
Q

decreasing plasma concentration of protein

A
  • increase GFR
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9
Q

drinking water no protein content
saline infusion
saline induced diuresis (proximal tubule)

A
  • diluting the plasma protein

- increase GFR

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10
Q

oncotic pressure of bowman’s space

A
  • ZERO
  • opposing filtration
  • does not affect GFR
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11
Q

blocking ureter or urethra with kidney stone
high bladder pressure
post renal failure

A
  • fluid cannot move freely causing pressure in the bowman space
  • DECREASE GFR
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12
Q

increase hydrostatic pressure

A
  • increase filtering fluid
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13
Q

in the glomerular capillaries

A
  • filter the fluid but not the protein

- causing an increase in protein concentration

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14
Q

at the end of glomerular capillaries

A
  • filters less fluid due to increase in protein concentration decreasing GFR
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15
Q

in the peritubular capillaries

A
  • more concentrated protein promotes more reabsorption
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16
Q

increase filtration fraction

A
  • increase net force promoting reabsorption
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17
Q

PBC bowman’s capsule pressure

force opposing filtration -

A
  • 8 mm Hg
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18
Q

pyBC

A
  • 0 mm Hg
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19
Q

PGC glomerular capillary pressure

force promoting filtration +

A
  • 45 mm Hg
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20
Q

pyGC

A
  • 24 mm Hg
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21
Q

net filtration formula

creating the GFR of 120ml/min

A

PGC - pyGC - PBC = 13mm Hg

22
Q

glomerular capillary

A
  • has a large surface area
23
Q

filtering membrane (permeable membrane, large surface area)

A
  • capillary endothelial wall with large pores for protein pass thru, has negative pressure reason for not filtering the protein
  • glomerular basement membrane, negative charged
  • epithelial cell layer of podocytes
24
Q

negative pressure

A
  • reason for not filtering the protein
25
Q

damaging the filtering membrane

A
  • will cause proteinuria

- nephrotic syndrome

26
Q

FREELY filtered by the kidney

major electrolytes

A
  • Na, Cl, K, HCO3
27
Q

FREELY filtered by the kidney

metabolic waste

A
  • glucose
  • amino acid
  • ketone bodies
28
Q

FREELY filtered by the kidney

non natural substance

A
  • inulin

- para-aminohippuric acid PAH

29
Q

FREELY filtered by the kidney

lower weight proteins and peptides

A
  • insulin
  • myoglobin
  • CORTISOL
  • TESTOSTERONE
30
Q

NOT freely filtered

A
  • albumin
  • plasma protein
  • bilirubin
  • thyroxine T4
  • lipid soluble hormones
  • CORTISOL
31
Q

OSMOLARITY OF THE FILTRATE

A
  • 300 mOsm/L
32
Q

tubular fluid conc./plasma

TF/P ratio

A

= 1.0

substance if freely filtered in the bowman capsule

33
Q

all freely filtered material has a ratio of

A
  • TF/P= 1.0
34
Q

ratio of .7, .5, .6

A
  • plasma > TF

- no freely filtered

35
Q

TF/P= 1.2

A
  • TF > plasma
  • DISTRACTOR
  • IMPOSSIBLE
36
Q

TF/P=1.0

A
  • FREELY FILTERED
37
Q

FILTRATION FRACTION

Na, K, Cl, HCO3, glucose

A 
GFR/RPF (renal plasma flow)
- GRF= 120 ml/min
- RPF= 600ml/min
normal ratio = .20 or 20% or 120 ml/min is filtered
- 80% is not filtered or 480 ml/min
38
Q

increase plasma concentration of glucose

A
  • increase filtration >120ml/min
39
Q

decrease plasma concentration of glucose

A
  • same filtration 120ml/min
40
Q

glomerular capillary pressure is proportional to
increase GCP
decrease GCP

A
  • GFR
  • increase GFR
  • decrease GFR
41
Q

plasma protein concentration is inverse

A

to GFR

42
Q

AFFERENT CONSTRICTION

DECREASE
INCREASE
NO CHANGE

A
  • GF pressure - DECREASE
  • GFR - DECREASE
  • RPF renal plasma flow - DECREASE
  • FF - NO CHANGE
43
Q

EFFERENT CONSTRICTION

A
  • GF pressure -INCREASE
  • GFR - INCREASE
  • RPF renal plasma flow- DECREASE
  • FF -INCREASE
44
Q

DECREASE OF FLOW in glomerular capillaries

A
  • filter >
45
Q

SYMPATHETIC stimulation to the kidney

AFFECTS AFFERENT ARTERIOLE MAINLY

A
  • VASOCONSTRICTION of the arterioles
  • decrease GFR less fluid absorption
  • increase FF
  • force promoting reabsorption in the peritubular capillaries INCREASE
46
Q

KIDNEY HAS NO

A
  • PARASYMPATHETIC STIMULATION
47
Q

ANGIOTENSIN II

mainly affects EFFERENT ARTERIOLES

A
  • increase renal resistance w/o change in GFR
  • affecting afferent no change GCP
  • decrease plasma flow
48
Q

ACE INHIBITOR

dilate EFFERENT ARTERIOLES

A
  • decrease renal resistance
  • decrease GFR
  • increase renal plasma flow
49
Q

GFR vs FILTER LOAD

A

GFR- filtered fluid into bowman capsule
- volume per unit time ML/min
FILTER LOAD- rate of filtering substance into bowman’s capsule MG/min

50
Q

filtered load

A
  • GFR x plasma concentration of a substance
51
Q

during PREGNANCY

A
  • INCREASE GFR
  • INCREASE FILTER LOAD GLUCOSE (dissolve substance)
  • INCREASE PLASMA GLUCOSE CONCENTRATION
  • INCREASE ML/MIN causing overload of proximal tubule
  • glycosuria is normal in pregnancy

RENAL PHYSIOLOGY (9 decks)

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