Renal Drugs Flashcards
Name some chemo drugs used in Renal
Cyclophosphamide, IL-2 (Aldesleukin), IFN-Alpha, Sunitinib
Name some immunosuppressive drugs used in Renal
Azathioprine, mycophenolate
MoA of Azathioprine
Inhibits purine synthesis. Purines are needed to produce DNA and RNA. By inhibiting purine synthesis, less DNA and RNA are produced for the synthesis of white blood cells, thus causing immunosuppression.
MoA of Mycophenolate (MMF)
leads to inhibition of DNA replication in T cells and B cells
MoA of Hydroxychloroquine
by decreasing TLR signaling, reduces the activation of dendritic cells and the inflammatory process.
Name a calcineurin inhibitor
Tacrolimus
MoA of
Inhibits calcineurin, thus inhibiting both T-lymphocyte signal transduction and IL-2 transcription. It is immunosuppressive.
Name some inotropes
Digoxin, Amiodarone
Name a vasopressor
Epinephrine
Reason for using inotropes
to restore effective tissue perfusion and to normalize cellular metabolism.
MoA of Calcium Resonium
removes excessive amounts of potassium from the blood
Name a vasopressin V2 receptor antagonist
Tolvaptan
MoA of Tolvaptan
Improves urine flow without causing the body to lose too much sodium as you urinate.
MoA of Fabrazyme
Agalsidase beta reduces deposits of globotriaosylceramide (GL-3) in the kidneys
MoA of Phenazopyridine
when excreted into the urine, has a local analgesic effect.
Side effects of Phenazopyridine
Turns urine orange
Discolours contact lenses
Name some Alpha-blockers
Tamulosin, Alfuzosin
MoA of Alpha-blockers
When alpha 1 receptors in the bladder neck and the prostate are blocked, this causes a relaxation in smooth muscle and therefore less resistance to urinary flow. Due to this, the pain associated with BPH can be reduced.
MoA of Phenylephrine
decongestant that shrinks blood vessels
Name a 5α-reductase inhibitor
Finasteride
MoA of Finasteride
By inhibiting 5α-reductase, finasteride prevents conversion of testosterone to dihydrotestosterone (DHT) by the type II and III isoenzymes, resulting in a decrease in serum DHT levels by about 65 to 70% and in prostate DHT levels by up to 85 to 90%
MoA of Luteinizing hormone releasing hormone agonist/analogue
A gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist (GnRH agonist) is an analogue that activates the GnRH receptor resulting in increased secretion of FSH and LH
MoA of Anti-androgens
they prevent androgens like testosterone and dihydrotestosterone (DHT) from mediating their biological effects in the body. They act by blocking the androgen receptor (AR) and/or inhibiting or suppressing androgen production
What is Diethylstilbestrol
a synthetic nonsteroidal estrogen
MoA of Flouracil
principally a thymidylate synthase (TS) inhibitor- causing the death of cells which are growing fastest
