Renal colic

Question 1

Definition of renal colic?

Answer 1

Is known as kidney stones, where hard stones that form in renal pelvis, Where the urine collects before travelling down uretus.

Question 2

Complications of renal colic?

Answer 2

Obstruction leading to acute kidney injury.

Infection with obstructive pyelonephritis.

Question 3

Types of kidney stones?

Answer 3

Calcium oxalate ( most common)
Calcium phosphate
Uric acid - not visible on x-ray
Struvite - produced by bacteria
Cystine - Autosomal ressesive disease

Question 4

Presentation + symptoms of renal colic?

Answer 4

Haematuria

Nausea or vomiting

Reduced urine output

Symptoms of sepsis

Question 5

Investigation and diagnosis of renal colic?

Answer 5

Urine dipstick

Blood test

Abdominal x-ray

CT of kidneys

Ultrasound

Question 6

Managment of renal colic?

Answer 6

NSAIDS
Antiemetics
Antibiotics
Watchful waiting
Tamsulosin
Surgical intervention

Question 7

Types of surgical intervention for renal colic?

Answer 7

Extra corporeal shockwave lithotripsy

Ureteroscopy + laser lithotripsy

Percutaneous nephrolithotomy

Open surgery

Question 8

Reducing risk of reccurant stones?

Answer 8

Two medications:
- Potassium citrate
- Thiazide diuretics ( indapamide)