Nephritic syndrome

Question 1

Pathophysiology nephritic syndrome?

Answer 1

Inflammation within the kidney

There are 5 types:
- SLE
- Post strep gn
- Small vessel vasculitis
- Good pasture disease
- IGA nephropathy

Question 2

What is IGA nephropathy?

Answer 2

Deposition of IGA into mesangium of the kidney causing inflammation and damage

Presents with haematuria

Diagnose with biopsy ( renal)

Most common cause in developed countries.

Treatment give fish oil + steroids

Question 3

What is post streptococcal glomerulonephritis?

Answer 3

Nephritic syndrome caused because of infection, which causes inflammation.

Presents with haematuria

Diagnose by knowing there was strep infection

Treat with antibodies + supportive care.

Question 4

Main 4 symptoms of nephritic syndrome?

Answer 4

Haematuria
Oliguria ( due to low GFR)
Proteinuria
Hypertension

Question 5

What is good pasture disease?

Answer 5

Auto antibodies attack Type IV collagen in glomelular and alveolar membrane.

Presents with SOB + oliguria because of renal + Resp damage

Diagnose with anti - GM antibodies raised in blood + biopsy

Manage with plasma exchange + steroids + cyclophosphamide.

Question 6

What is henoch schoenlein purpura?

Answer 6

Small vessel vasculitis that effects kidney + joints because IGA deposition.

Presents: with purpric rash on leg + joint pain

Diagnosis: With renal biopsy

Manage: With corticosteroids + ACE-I/ARB