Acute pyelonephritis Flashcards
What is pathophysiology of acute pylenophritis?
Bacterial infection of kidneys renal pelvis causing inflammation
Happens due to assending infection from bladder to kidney
Vesicoureteral reflux can happen when theres a failure of vesicoureteral orifice allowing back flow of urine to kidney.
Bacteria normally are :
- E. coli
- Proteus
- Enterobacteria
Normally unilateral
Inflammation causes white blood cells to be pissed out.
Risk factors of acute pylenophritis?
Female sex
sexual intercourse
Catheter
Diabetes melitus
Urinary tract obstruction
Treatment of acute pylenophritis?
Antibiotics
staying hydrated
Symptoms of acute pylenophritis?
Leukocytosis (increased WBC in blood)
Back pain lower
Chills
Fever
Nausea + vomiting
Complications of acute pylenophritis?
Renal abscess
Recurrent infection
- Chronic pylenophritis
- Papillary necrosis
What is chronic pylenophritis?
Chronic obstruction can be caused by:
Bilateral obstruction caused by
- Congenital malformation
- Benign prostate hyperplasia
- Cervical carcinoma
Unilateral can be caused because of:
- Kidney stones
Recurrent inflammation will cause the renal interstitum to have fibrosis and scarring.
As well as tubule to have atrophy
Diagnosis of Chronic pylenophritis?
CTU
- Will show calyx blunted
History of tubule
- Dillated
- Colloid casts
Treatment of chronic pylenophritis?
Correct underlying cause
Surgery ( remove obstruction)
Nephrectomy
