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Urinary system > Renal blood flow > Flashcards

Renal blood flow Flashcards

1
Q

What arteries supply the kidneys?

A

Right and left renal arteries supply their corresponding kidney

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2
Q

Where do the renal arteries arise from?

A

Abdominal aorta

between L1 and L2 vertebrae

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3
Q

Is the right renal artery or left renal artery longer? Why?

A

Right renal artery

because the abdominal aorta is slightly on the left side

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4
Q

Where does the right renal artery travel?

A

Behind the IVC

to the hilum of the right kidney

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5
Q

What branches can the renal arteries give off before the renal hilum?

A

Extrahilar segmental artery

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6
Q

What do the renal arteries do at the hilum of their kidney?

A

Divide into segmental arteries

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7
Q

How many segmental arteries do the renal arteries divide into at the hilum of the kidney?

A

Five

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8
Q

What are the five segmental arteries?

A

Superior segmental artery

Antero-superior segmental artery

Antero-inferior segmental artery

Inferior segmental artery

Posterior segmental artery

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9
Q

What do the segmental arteries supply?

A

Supply their corresponding segment of the kidney

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10
Q

What do the segmental arteries do in their corresponding segments?

A

Divide into interlobar arteries

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11
Q

Where do interlobar arteries travel?

A

Travel from the inner medulla to the outer medulla between the kidney lobes

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12
Q

What do interlobar arteries supply?

A

Renal lobes

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13
Q

What do interlobar arteries do at the outer medulla?

A

Divide into arcuate arteries

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14
Q

Where do arcuate arteries travel?

A

Travel on the outer border of the renal pyramid, between the medulla and cortex

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15
Q

What do arcuate arteries do at the outer border of the renal pyramid?

A

Give off interlobular arteries

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16
Q

Where do interlobular arteries travel?

A

Travel from the outer border of the renal pyramid towards the outer cortex

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17
Q

What is the venous drainage of the kidneys?

A

Mirrors arteries supplying kidneys

18
Q

What drains into the left renal vein?

A

Left gonadal vein - ovarian or testicular

Left adrenal vein

19
Q

What do the right and left renal veins drain into?

A

IVC

20
Q

Is the right renal vein or the left renal vein longer? Why?

A

Left renal vein

because the IVC lies slightly to the right

21
Q

Where does the left renal vein travel?

A

Travels through the angle between the superior mesenteric artery anteriorly and the abdominal aorta posteriorly

22
Q

What does the interlobular artery do in the renal cortex?

A

Gives off afferent arterioles

23
Q

Where do the afferent arterioles travel?

A

Towards Bowman’s capsule of nephron

24
Q

What do the afferent arterioles do in Bowman’s capsule?

A

Give off glomerular capillaries

25
Q

What do the glomeruluar capillaries do in Bowman’s capsule?

A

Form a tuft, called the glomerulus

26
Q

What do the glomerular capillaries join together to form?

A

Efferent arteriole

27
Q

What does the efferent arteriole do?

A

Gives off peritubular capillaries

28
Q

Where do the peritubular capillaries travel?

A

Surround the tubules of the nephron

29
Q

What do the pertubular capillaries join together to form?

A

Interlobular vein

30
Q

What percentage of the cardiac output supplies the kidneys, on average?

A

22%

31
Q

How does the blood supply of the kidneys compare to their metabolic demands?

A

The blood supply of the kidneys exceeds their metabolic demands

32
Q

Why do the kidneys recieve such a large blood supply?

A

For glomerular filtration

33
Q

What is the metabolic demand of the kidneys related to? What is the exact relationship between the two?

A

Reabsorption of sodium ions

Metabolic demand of kidneys is proportional to the reabsorption of sodium ions

34
Q

What does the amount of sodium ion reabsorption depend on?

A

The amount of sodium ions filtered out, the GFR

35
Q

What part of the kidney recieves the most blood supply?

A

Cortex

36
Q

What is the blood supply of the renal medulla?

A

Vasa recta

37
Q

What is meant by renal blood flow?

A

The volume of blood reaching the kidneys per unit time

38
Q

What is the actual amount renal blood flow?

A

1.1 L/min

39
Q

What is meant by renal plasma flow?

A

The volume of plasma reaching the kidneys per unit time

40
Q

What is the actual amount of renal plasma flow?

A

605ml/min

41
Q

What is the difference between the meanings of renal blood flow and renal plasma flow?

A

Renal blood flow includes all of the blood

Renal plasma flow includes only the plasma, not the haematocrit

Urinary system (25 decks)

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