Renal blood flow

Question 1

What arteries supply the kidneys?

Answer 1

Right and left renal arteries supply their corresponding kidney

Question 2

Where do the renal arteries arise from?

Answer 2

Abdominal aorta

between L1 and L2 vertebrae

Question 3

Is the right renal artery or left renal artery longer? Why?

Answer 3

Right renal artery

because the abdominal aorta is slightly on the left side

Question 4

Where does the right renal artery travel?

Answer 4

Behind the IVC

to the hilum of the right kidney

Question 5

What branches can the renal arteries give off before the renal hilum?

Answer 5

Extrahilar segmental artery

Question 6

What do the renal arteries do at the hilum of their kidney?

Answer 6

Divide into segmental arteries

Question 7

How many segmental arteries do the renal arteries divide into at the hilum of the kidney?

Answer 7

Five

Question 8

What are the five segmental arteries?

Answer 8

Superior segmental artery

Antero-superior segmental artery

Antero-inferior segmental artery

Inferior segmental artery

Posterior segmental artery

Question 9

What do the segmental arteries supply?

Answer 9

Supply their corresponding segment of the kidney

Question 10

What do the segmental arteries do in their corresponding segments?

Answer 10

Divide into interlobar arteries

Question 11

Where do interlobar arteries travel?

Answer 11

Travel from the inner medulla to the outer medulla between the kidney lobes

Question 12

What do interlobar arteries supply?

Answer 12

Renal lobes

Question 13

What do interlobar arteries do at the outer medulla?

Answer 13

Divide into arcuate arteries

Question 14

Where do arcuate arteries travel?

Answer 14

Travel on the outer border of the renal pyramid, between the medulla and cortex

Question 15

What do arcuate arteries do at the outer border of the renal pyramid?

Answer 15

Give off interlobular arteries

Question 16

Where do interlobular arteries travel?

Answer 16

Travel from the outer border of the renal pyramid towards the outer cortex

Question 17

What is the venous drainage of the kidneys?

Answer 17

Mirrors arteries supplying kidneys

Question 18

What drains into the left renal vein?

Answer 18

Left gonadal vein - ovarian or testicular

Left adrenal vein

Question 19

What do the right and left renal veins drain into?

Answer 19

IVC

Question 20

Is the right renal vein or the left renal vein longer? Why?

Answer 20

Left renal vein

because the IVC lies slightly to the right

Question 21

Where does the left renal vein travel?

Answer 21

Travels through the angle between the superior mesenteric artery anteriorly and the abdominal aorta posteriorly

Question 22

What does the interlobular artery do in the renal cortex?

Answer 22

Gives off afferent arterioles

Question 23

Where do the afferent arterioles travel?

Answer 23

Towards Bowman’s capsule of nephron

Question 24

What do the afferent arterioles do in Bowman’s capsule?

Answer 24

Give off glomerular capillaries

Question 25

What do the glomeruluar capillaries do in Bowman's capsule?

Answer 25

Form a tuft, called the glomerulus

Question 26

What do the glomerular capillaries join together to form?

Answer 26

Efferent arteriole

Question 27

What does the efferent arteriole do?

Answer 27

Gives off peritubular capillaries

Question 28

Where do the peritubular capillaries travel?

Answer 28

Surround the tubules of the nephron

Question 29

What do the pertubular capillaries join together to form?

Answer 29

Interlobular vein

Question 30

What percentage of the cardiac output supplies the kidneys, on average?

Answer 30

22%

Question 31

How does the blood supply of the kidneys compare to their metabolic demands?

Answer 31

The blood supply of the kidneys exceeds their metabolic demands

Question 32

Why do the kidneys recieve such a large blood supply?

Answer 32

For glomerular filtration

Question 33

What is the metabolic demand of the kidneys related to? What is the exact relationship between the two?

Answer 33

Reabsorption of sodium ions Metabolic demand of kidneys is proportional to the reabsorption of sodium ions

Question 34

What does the amount of sodium ion reabsorption depend on?

Answer 34

The amount of sodium ions filtered out, the GFR

Question 35

What part of the kidney recieves the most blood supply?

Answer 35

Cortex

Question 36

What is the blood supply of the renal medulla?

Answer 36

Vasa recta

Question 37

What is meant by renal blood flow?

Answer 37

The volume of blood reaching the kidneys per unit time

Question 38

What is the actual amount renal blood flow?

Answer 38

1.1 L/min

Question 39

What is meant by renal plasma flow?

Answer 39

The volume of plasma reaching the kidneys per unit time

Question 40

What is the actual amount of renal plasma flow?

Answer 40

605ml/min

Question 41

What is the difference between the meanings of renal blood flow and renal plasma flow?

Answer 41

Renal blood flow includes all of the blood Renal plasma flow includes only the plasma, not the haematocrit