Renal Anatomy and Histology Flashcards
Which of the following correctly characterizes renal nutcracker syndrome?
A. Traction of Inferior Mesenteric A. that compresses the Left Renal V.
B. Traction of the Superior Mesenteric A. that compresses the Left Renal V.
C. Traction of the Inferior Mesenteric A. that compresses the Right REnal V.
D. Traction of the Superior Mesenteric A. that compresses the Right Renal V.
Traction of the Superior Mesenteric A. that compresses the Left Renal V.
All portions of the Peritubular Capillaries are fenestrated, except which of the following that is continuous?
A. Cortical Peritubular Capillaries
B. Ascending Long Medullary Capillaries (Vasa Recta)
C. Descending Long Medullary Capillaries (Vasa REcta)
D. All of the above are actually fenestrated
Descending Long Medullary Capillaries (Vasa REcta)
The Bowman’s Capsule is made of 2 layers. Which of the following layers is made of simple squamous epithelium? Which contains podocytes?
A. Visceral Layer
B. Glomerular Space
C. Parietal Layer
Parietal Layer: simple squamous
Visceral Later: Podocytes
What pole is the origin of the proximal convoluted tubule that’s lined with epithelium?
A. Vascular Pole
B. Tubular Pole
C. Urinary Pole
D. both B and C
Tubular Pole (Urinary Pole)
Which of the following is true of the multipurpose Mesangial Cells?
A. Provide structural support for glomerular loops and extracell matrix of podocytes
B. Phagocytic capabilities
C. Prevent glomerular distention
D. Secrete growth factor and cytokines in response to injury
E. All of the above
F. None of the above
All of the above
Which of the following exclusively contains a high affinity Na-glucose co-transporter (SGLT1)?
A. Proximal Straight Tubule
B. Proximal Convoluted Tubule
C. Distal Convoluted Tubule
D. Loop of Henle
Proximal Straight Tubule
Which of the following has abundant mitochondria due to Na/K ATPase, aquaporins and SGLT2?
A. Proximal Straight Tubule
B. Proximal Convoluted Tubule
C. Distal Convoluted Tubule
D. TAL of Loop of Henle
E. Descending Limb of Henle
Proximal Convoluted Tubule
Which of the following correctly expresses the histology of the Thin Limb of the Loop of Henle?
A. Simple cuboidal with a lot of microvilli
B. Simple squamous epithelium with no brush border
C. Simple cuboidal with little microvilli
D. Simple cuboidal epithelium
Simple cuboidal with a lot of microvilli
and no brush border
Which of the following are mechanosensory cells that are found in the afferent arterioles?
A. Macula Densa
B. Priniciple Cells
C. Juxtaglomerular Cells
D. Mesangial Cells
Juxtaglomerular Cells
Which of the following are cell with thick nuclei found at the distal end of the Thick Loop of Henle?
A. Macula Densa
B. Priniciple Cells
C. Juxtaglomerular Cells
D. Mesangial Cells
Macula Densa
Which of the following cells of the collecting duct are targets of aldosterone?
A. Prinicple Cells
B. Intercalated cells
Prinicple cells
NOTE: Intercalated cells are involved in H+ and bicarbonate transport
What are the names of the structure made of uroplakin that form an impermeable barrier on the membrane of the transitional epithelium?
A. Urothelial Plaques
Urothelial Plaques
Which of the following correctly describes the autosomal dominant, often asymptomatic disorder called Polycystic Kidney Disease?
A. Caused by a mutation of PKD1 and PKD2
B. Autosomal dominant disorder that is usually assymptomatic up to the 4th decade of life
C. Cysts can form in both kidneys
D. All of the above are correct
All the above are correct
Which of the following increases risk of bladder cancer and originates from parasites passed from a snail?
A. Polycistic Kidney Disease
B. Urinary Incontinence
C. UTI
D. Schistosoma Hematobium
Schistosoma Hematobium
