Alveolar Gas Exchange Flashcards
VALV is the same as VA just a different way to symbolize Alveolar Ventillation
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Activation of parasympathetics to the lungs causes which of the following affects on bronchiole smooth muscle?
A. Bronchodilation
B. Bronchoconstriction
C. Bronchospasm
D. Nothing
Bronchoconstriction
Which of the following systems is the only location where hypoxic conditions lead to vasoconstriction?
A. Heart
B. Kidneys
C. Brain
D. Lungs
Lungs
Which of the following causes diffusion rate (J) to decrease?
A. Increase Surface Area
B. Increasing the Thickness of the alveolar barrier
C. Increasing pressure gradient across the membrane
D. All of the above
Increasing the Thickness of the alveolar barrier
use J=[SA*D*(P1-P2)]/distance
How do we calculate DLO2 from DLCO?
multiply DLCO2 by 1.23
Normally, because the O2 gradient is so large, O2 crosses the barrier rapidly and is considered Perfusion Limitied. In what instance would O2 be considered diffusion limited?
During exercise when the blood moves/cycles faster
What diseases are considered obstructive?
Asthma
Chronic Bronchitis
COPD/Emphysema
What diseases are considered restrictive?
Chest wall issues
Neuromuscular Disorder
Interstitial Lung Disease
Which of the following surfactant proteins is most important for reducing surface tension, and not just trafficking?
A. SP-A
B. SP-B
C. SP-C
D. SP-D
SP-B
What affect does surfactant have on small alveoli?
A. Increase the surface tension
B. Decrease the surface tension
C. Increase the pressure differential between large and small alveoli
D. None of the above
Decrease the surface tension
What phospholipid is found in surfactant?
DPPC (dipalmitoyl phosphatidylcholine)
What is LaPlace’s Law?
Pressure= 2T/r
