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Board review > Renal > Flashcards

Renal Flashcards

1
Q

Spikes and Dome

Subepithelial deposit

A

Membranous GN

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2
Q

Tram track

A

Membranoproliferative GN

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3
Q

N GFR

A

125

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4
Q

Wire loop

A

Lupus nephritis

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5
Q

Double countour

A

Membranoproliferative GN

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6
Q

Rash + renal problem

A

Henoch schonlein purpura

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7
Q

Renal blood flow in both kidneys

A

1100 ml/min

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8
Q

Flank pain
Painless hematuria
Palpable mass
Smoker

A

Renal Cell Ca

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9
Q

Massive proteinuria

A

3g/dl

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10
Q

Massive proteinuria
Hypoalbuminemia
Edema
Hyperlipidemia

A

Nephrotic syndrome

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11
Q

Problem with Distal tubule

A

Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus

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12
Q

Microalbuminuria

A

30-299 mg/dl

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13
Q

Macroalbuminuria

A

> 300mg/dl

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14
Q

Pathognomonic for Minimal Change disease

A

Foot process effacement

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15
Q

Post renal transplant rejection

A

Malignant nephrosclerosis

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16
Q

Bacteria in PSGN

A

Group A beta hemolytic strep (strep pyogenes)

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17
Q

Hyalinosis

Epithelial damage

A

Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis

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18
Q

Proteinuria in Membranous GN

A

MAC (C5b-C9)

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19
Q

Prototypical exogenous IC pattern

A

PSGN

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20
Q

2 major histologic condition in progressive glomerular disease

A

Focal segmental Glomerulosclerosis

Tubulointerstitial damage

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21
Q

Ischemic nephropathy

A

Aminoglycoside
Amphothericin B
Contrast agent

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22
Q

Bilaterally enlarged kidneys
Multiple cyst
Pain, hematuria

A

Adult Polycystic Kidney disease

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23
Q

Analgesic nephropathy increases risk for

A

Transitional Papillary Ca of the Renal Pelvis

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24
Q

Most common site of abdominal aneurysm

A

Infrarenal

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25
Q

Drug for post op urinary bladder atony

A

Bethanecol

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26
Q

Most common GN worldwide

A

IgA nephropathy

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27
Q

Drugs that can cause Membranous GN

A

Penicillamine

Captopril

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28
Q

Hypersensitivity reaction in Good Pasteur

A

Type II

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29
Q

Reduction in GFR that would progress to ESRD

A

30-50%

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30
Q

ADH control

A

Distal tubule and collecting duct

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31
Q

Bladder filling

A

Sympathetic

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32
Q

Most common gene mutation in APKD

A

PKD1

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33
Q

Capillary wall damage

A

Membranous GN

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34
Q

Associated with Proteus infection

A

Stag horn calculi

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35
Q

Marked sense of bladder fullness

A

400-500ml

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36
Q

Associated with HIV and heroin

A

Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis

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37
Q

Ca associated with Schistosoma Hematobium

A

Squamous cell bladder Ca

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38
Q

Female
Reproductive age
Proteinuria, rbc cast
HTN

A

Lupus nephritis

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39
Q

Pulmonary alveolar hemorrhage
Anti-GBM
Linear IG deposits

A

Type 1 RPGN - Good Pasteur

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40
Q

End artery occlusion

A

White infarct

Wedge shape

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41
Q

Most common NS in children

A

Minimal Change Disease/Lipoid Nephrosis

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42
Q

Most common NS in adult

A

Membranous GN

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43
Q

Prototypical endogenous IC pattern

A

SLE

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44
Q

Lumpy bumpy

A

Post strep GN

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45
Q

Enlarged, hypercellular glomeruli

Mesangial and monocytes interposition

A

Membranoprliferative GN

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46
Q

Gene causing cyst formation

A

Polycystin 1

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47
Q

Cyst formation

A

Abnormal cellular matrix
Fluid secretion
Cell proliferation

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48
Q

Foot process effacement

A

Minimal change disease

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49
Q

Lipid laden PCT

A

Minimal change disease

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50
Q

Diagnostic work up for DM nephropathy

A

24 hr urine protein

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51
Q

6 y/o throat pain, fever

1-2weeks after, hematuria, proteinuria, periorbital edema

A

Post strep GN

52
Q

APKD associated with

A

Liver cyst

Berry aneurysm

53
Q

Nerve deafness

A

Alport syndrome

54
Q

Alport syndrome

A

Type IV collagen

55
Q

Times plasma volume filtered

A

60

56
Q

Renal Ca treatment

A

Nephrectomy

57
Q

Congenital disorder by ACEI

A

Renal agenesis

58
Q

Most common Lupus nephritis

A

Diffuse Proliferative Glomerulonephritis

59
Q

Bladder emptying

A

Parasympathetic

60
Q

Urge to void

A

150ml

61
Q

BP control for DM and HTN

A

ACEI and ARB

62
Q

Countercurrent multiplier

A

Loop of Henle

63
Q

Impermeable to urea

A

Thick ascending limb
DCT
Cortical collecting duct

64
Q

Treatment for PSGN

A

Penicillin

Macrolide

65
Q

Most common Renal Ca

A

Clear cell

66
Q

Transport of sugar and amino acid

A

Secondary active transport

67
Q

Most common Renal Ca in children

A

Nephroblastoma/Wilm’s tumor

68
Q

Drug causing Interstitial nephrosclerosis

A

Methicillin

Analgesic

69
Q

Edema
Foamy urine
Unintentional weight gain
Anorexia

A

DM nephropathy

70
Q

Major sodium reabsorption

A

PCT

71
Q

Countercurrent exchange

A

Vasa recta

72
Q

Highly permeable to water

A

Thin descending limb

73
Q

No sodium transport

A

Thin descending limb

74
Q

Dictates water permeability

A

Aquaporin

75
Q

Normal blood pH

A

7.4

76
Q

Poor response to steroids

A

Membranous GN

77
Q

Good response to steroids

A

Minimal change disease
RPGN
Lupus nephritis

78
Q

Aspirin, Phenacetin, NSAID

A

Analgesic nephropathy

79
Q

Analgesic nephropathy

A

Aspirin, Phenacetin, NSAID

80
Q

Hallmark of Focal segmental Glomerulosclerosis

A

Epithelial damage

81
Q

Most abundant CHON excreted in urine

A

Tamhorsfall protein

82
Q

Water reabsorption

A

PCT

83
Q

WAGR Syndrome

A

Wilm’s tumor
Aniridia
Genitourinary problems
Retardation

84
Q

Highest vascular resistance in kidneys

A

Interlobar
Afferent arteriole
Efferent arteriole

85
Q

Regulation of urine concentration

A

Medullary countercurrent system

ADH

86
Q

Secrete ADH

A

Supraoptic nuclei in post pituitary

87
Q

Kimmelsteil - Wilson lesion

A

DM nephropathy

88
Q

Nodular Glomerulosclerosis

A

DM nephropathy

89
Q

% water reabsorbed

A

99%

90
Q

Sclerosis of arteries

Long standing HTN

A

Benign nephrosclerosis

91
Q

Leather grain appearance

A

Benign nephrosclerosis

92
Q

Na transport

A

Primary active

93
Q

Glucose transport

A

GLUT 2/SGLT

94
Q

Amount of protein in urine

A

Zero

95
Q

Drug that cause Diabetes Insipidus

A

Lithium

96
Q

Lithium

A

Diabetes Insipidus

97
Q

Urea reabsorption

A

PCT

98
Q

ANCA positive

Systemic Vasculitis

A

Type III RPGN

99
Q

Secrete renin

A

JG cells

100
Q

Amount of fluid filtered per day

A

180L

101
Q

Impermeable to water

A

Thick ascending limb

102
Q

Most common type of lupus

A

Type IV - Diffuse Proliferative Glomerulonephritis

103
Q

Regulate GFR

A

Filtering membrane
Particle size, shape and charge
Filtering forces
Blood flow

104
Q

Abdominal bruit

A

Renal artery stenosis

Abdominal aneurysm

105
Q

Most potent stimulus for erythropoietin production

A

Hypoxia

106
Q

Kidney function

A

Excretion
Homeostasis
Endocrine

107
Q

HTN
Abdominal bruit
Dyslipidemia

A

Renal artery stenosis

108
Q

Maintains bladder tone

A

Detrusor muscle

109
Q

Weight of kidneys

A

150mg

110
Q

Treatment for acute exacerbation of lupus nephritis

A

Steroids

111
Q

Basic functional unit of kidney

A

Nephron

112
Q

% phenol reabsorbed

A

Zero

113
Q

Embryologic origin of collecting duct

A

Ureteric bud

114
Q

Hormones secreted by kidney

A

Erythropoietin
Prostaglandin
Renin
Vit D

115
Q

Primitive urine

A

Glomerular filtration

116
Q

Embryologic origin of nephron

A

Metanephric blastema

117
Q

Avascular part of kidney

A

Medulla

118
Q

Leading cause of ESRD

A

DM nephropathy

119
Q

Na sensor

A

Macula densa

120
Q

Placement of donor kidney

A

Iliac fossa

121
Q

Basic renal process

A

Glomerular filtration
Tubular reabsorption
Tubular secretion

122
Q

Onion skinning

A

Malignant nephrosclerosis

123
Q

Fibrinoid necrosis

A

Malignant nephrosclerosis

124
Q

% CO that kidney receives

A

25%

125
Q

Accelerated rise in BP

A

Malignant nephrosclerosis

126
Q

Systemic diseases causing NS

A

SLE
Amyloidosis
DM

127
Q

Problem with post pituitary

A

Central diabetes Insipidus

Board review (9 decks)

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