Renal

Question 1

Contrast induced nephrotoxicity

Answer 1

Occurs more often with preexisting renal insufficiency, diabetes, hypovolemia, multiple myeloma

Question 2

What increases calcium oxalate stone formation?

Answer 2

1. Decreased Ca intake leads to decreased intestinal binding of oxalate, causing urinary Ca oxalate supersaturation.
2. increased oxalate ingestion.
3. increased sodium intake decreased prox tubule Ca reabsorption.
4. Decreased potassium - decreases urine citrate excretion.