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AGACNP Exam > Renal > Flashcards

Renal Flashcards

1
Q

What is the most common organism causing UTIs?

A

E. coli

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2
Q

What 3 agents can be used to tx pyelo?

A

Ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin or ceftriaxone

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3
Q

What happens to serum Cr in kidney risk?

A

Increased x 1.5

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4
Q

What happens to serum Cr in kidney injury?

A

Increased x 2

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5
Q

What happens to serum Cr in kidney failure?

A

Increased x 3

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6
Q

What is kidney loss defined as?

A

Complete loss of kidney function > 4 weeks

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7
Q

What is end-stage kidney disease defined as?

A

Complete loss of kidney function > 3 months

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8
Q

What happens to GFR in kidney risk?

A

Decreased by 25%

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9
Q

What happens to GFR in kidney injury?

A

Decreased by 50%

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10
Q

What happens to GFR in kidney failure?

A

Decreased by 75%

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11
Q

What is the most common cause of nephrotoxicity?

A

Nephrotoxic agents

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12
Q

What class of drugs is most commonly nephrotoxic? What is their suffix?

A

Aminoglycosides (drugs ending in -micin)

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13
Q

Acute tubular necrosis is what type of kidney injury?

A

Intrarenal

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14
Q

What is the fractional excretion of sodium in prerenal kidney injury?

A

<1

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15
Q

What is urine sodium in prerenal kidney injury?

A

> 20 mmol/dl

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16
Q

What is urine specific gravity in prerenal kidney injury?

A

> 1.015

17
Q

What is serum BUN to Cr ratio in prerenal kidney injury?

A

> 10:1

18
Q

What three drugs are standardly given for kidney stones?

A

Morphine or hydromorphone, toradol, metoclopramide

19
Q

What does metoclopramide have a black box warning for?

A

Extrapyramidal side effects

20
Q

PSA value greater than what is abnormal?

A

4

21
Q

Can you have prostate CA with a normal PSA?

A

Yes

22
Q

What class of drug is standard of care for BPH?

A

Alpha blockers

23
Q

What herbal med can be used to reduce sx in BPH?

A

Saw palmetto

24
Q

What three classes of meds can make BPH sx worse?

A

Antihistamines, decongestants and SSRIs

25
Q

What is normal Cr clearance in men?

A

97 to 137 ml/min

26
Q

What is normal Cr clearance in women?

A

88 to 128 ml/min

AGACNP Exam (14 decks)

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