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AGACNP Exam > Hematology > Flashcards

Hematology Flashcards

1
Q

What is normal Hgb in women?

A

12-16

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2
Q

What is normal Hgb in men?

A

14-18

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3
Q

What is normal Hct in women?

A

37-47%

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4
Q

What is normal Hct in men?

A

40-54%

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5
Q

What is normal TIBC?

A

250-450

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6
Q

What is normal serum iron?

A

50-150

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7
Q

What is normal MCV?

A

80-100

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8
Q

Microcytic anemia is most commonly caused by what?

A

Iron deficiency anemia or thalassemia

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9
Q

Macrocytic anemia is most commonly caused by what?

A

B12 or folate deficiency, alcoholism, liver failure

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10
Q

Anemia of chronic disease causes what type of anemia?

A

Normocytic

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11
Q

Sickle cell disease causes what type of anemia?

A

Normocytic

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12
Q

What type of anemia is iron deficiency anemia?

A

Microcytic, hypochromic anemia

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13
Q

What is the leading cause of iron deficiency anemia?

A

Blood loss

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14
Q

Which anemia is characterized by having a high red cell distribution width?

A

Iron deficiency anemia

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15
Q

Low serum ferritin and high TIBC point to what?

A

Iron deficiency anemia

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16
Q

When should iron be given in relation to food?

A

1-2 hours after meals

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17
Q

Taking iron with juices high in what can increase absorption?

A

Vitamin C

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18
Q

What type of anemia is thalassemia?

A

Microcytic, hypochromic

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19
Q

What ethnicity is most likely to have thalassemia?

A

Asian

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20
Q

Are people with thalassemia minor heterozygous or homozygous for beta thalassemia?

A

Heterozygous

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21
Q

Which type of thalassemia is more common in adults?

A

Thalassemia minor

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22
Q

Which type of anemia is characterized by decreased alpha or beta hemoglobin chains?

A

Thalassemia

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23
Q

Folic acid deficiency is what type of anemia?

A

Macrocytic, normochromic anemia

24
Q

Glossitis is typical of what types of anemia?

A

Folic acid and B12 deficiency

25
Q

How to differentiate folic acid deficiency anemia from B12 deficiency anemia?

A

No neuro signs are seen with folic acid deficiency

26
Q

How to treat folic acid deficiency?

A

Folic acid 1mg/day

27
Q

What type of anemia is pernicious anemia?

A

Macrocytic, normochromic anemia

28
Q

Cyanocobalamin is also known as what?

29
Q

Which anemia is most common in alcoholism?

A

Folic acid deficiency

30
Q

Vitamin B1 is also known as what?

31
Q

What type of anemia is anemia of chronic disease?

A

Normocytic and normochromic

32
Q

How is anemia of chronic disease managed?

A

By treating the associated disease

33
Q

How do you manage sickle cell crisis?

A

Fluids, pain meds and O2

34
Q

What is Von Willebrand disease?

A

Genetic disorder resulting in reduced ability to create blood clots

35
Q

Which clotting factor is affected in Von Willebrand?

A

Factor VIII

36
Q

How is Von Willebrand disease managed?

A

With desmopressin

37
Q

Most leukemia in adults is what type?

A

Chronic lymphocytic anemia

38
Q

What is the hallmark of acute lymphocytic leukemia?

A

Pancytopenia with circulation blasts

39
Q

What is the hallmark of chronic lymphocytic anemia?

A

Lymphocytosis

40
Q

What is the hallmark of chronic myelogenous leukemia?

A

Philadelphia chromosome

41
Q

How is a diagnosis of leukemia confirmed?

A

Bone marrow aspiration

42
Q

How is leukemia managed?

A

Chemo and bone marrow transplantation

43
Q

Incidence of tumor lysis syndrome can be reduced with which drug?

A

Allopurinol

44
Q

What is the difference between stage II and stage III lymphoma?

A

Stage II involves lymph nodes on one side of the diaphragm; stage III involves lymph nodes on both sides of the diaphragm

45
Q

What type of cells differentiate Hodgkin’s lymphoma from non-Hodgkin’s?

A

Reed-Sternberg cells (occur in Hodgkin’s)

46
Q

Is radiation used for leukemia or lymphoma?

47
Q

What is a normal platelet value?

A

150,000-400,000

48
Q

What is the platelet count in DIC?

A

Less than 150,000

49
Q

What is fibrinogen in DIC?

A

Less than 170 mg/dl

50
Q

What is FDPs (fibrin degradation products) in DIC?

A

Greater than 45

51
Q

What is PT in DIC?

A

Greater than 19 seconds

52
Q

What is PTT in DIC?

A

Greater than 42 seconds

53
Q

What three things to give for DIC?

A

Platelet transfusions, FFP, and cryoprecipitate

54
Q

What else must be given if RBCs are being transfused in large amounts?

55
Q

What does cryoprecipitate do in DIC?

A

Maintains fibrinogen levels

56
Q

What does FFP do?

A

Replaces clotting factors

AGACNP Exam (14 decks)

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