Remembering & Forgetting - Unit 2 Flashcards
Mnemonics
Memory Aids, techniques that use vivid imagery and organizational devices.
Chunking
Grouping bits of information.
Method of Loci
Visualization of familiar spatial environments to enhance the recall of information.
Peg Word System
To memorize lists that need to be in order. Object or image visualized that is related to information.
Mood-dependant Memory
Associated to retrieving. Information can be retrieved while in a mood similar to when it was acquired.
State-dependant Memory
Associated to Retrieving. People remember more information if their physical or mental state is the same at the time of encoding and time of recall.
Context-dependant Memory
Associated to retrieving. Much easier to retrieve when the context around the memory are the same on the original encoding and retrieval.
Retrieval Failure
Associated to encoding. It cannot be accesed even though information is retained and stored in memory.
Serial Position Effect
Associated to encoding. Tendency when learning information in a long list, to more likely recall the first items and last items.
Spacing Effect
Long-term memory is enhanced when learning events are spaced apart.
Testing Effect
Enhanced memory after retrieving rather than rereading.
Encoding Failure
Ineffective attention given to material.
Self-Reference Effect
People encode information depending on the level on which they are related to the information
The forgetting curve step 1
Encoding Failure: Inaffective attention to given material.
Storage Decay
Poor durability of stored memories.
