Problem Solving Strategies - Unit 2

Question 1

Prototype

Answer 1

Refers to graded categorization where some members of a category are more central, or more perfect, than others. This means that although some things may belong to a certain category of elements, they still may be perceived as unequal.

Question 2

Algorithm

Answer 2

Set of step-by-step procedures that provides the steps to approach a particular problem. Guaranteed to arrive at the right answer.

Question 3

Insight

Answer 3

The clear and often sudden discernment of a solution to a problem by means that are not obvious and may never become so, even after one has tried hard to work out how one has arrived at the solution.

Question 4

Metacognition

Answer 4

The process of thinking about one’s own thinking and learning. Being able to be conscious of own thinking and abilities.

Question 5

Heuristics

Answer 5

Individuals or entities analyze previous results or experiences and the bare minimum of relevant facts to arrive at a practical conclusion.

Question 6

Representative heuristic

Answer 6

Relying on similar past events

Question 7

Availability heuristic

Answer 7

Relying on resources or information available.

Question 8

Anchoring heuristic

Answer 8

Relying on the first bit of information.

Question 9

Affect heuristic

Answer 9

Relying on instant emotions.

Question 10

Convergent Thinking

Answer 10

When the solution to a problem can be deduced by applying established rules and logical reasoning.

Question 11

Divergent thinking

Answer 11

Generate creative ideas by exploring many possible solutions. “non-linear” manner.