Rembe - Chapter 7 (MS) Flashcards
Clinical Neurology
In an advanced peripheral neuropathy of diabetes mellitus, which of the following complications might likely occur or be present?
Anorexia
Charcot joint of the knee
Cerebral congestion
Papilledema
Charcot joint of the knee
In athetosis, the most probable site of pathology is
Cranial nerve V
Globus pallidus
Motor cortex
Neuromuscular junction
Globus pallidus
Immediately following a transection of the spinal cord, which of the following changes can be expected?
a. Increase in skeletal muscle tone
b. Spinal shock lasting 2 days
c. Retention of urine and feces
d. Hypotension
c. Retention of urine and feces
A cerebrovascular accident patient, with left-sided weakness of upper and lower extremity likely has a lesion located in the
Brainstem
Medulla
Left cerebral hemisphere
Right cerebral hemisphere
Right cerebral hemisphere
A patient with a head injury has symptoms of rising temperature and a slowing of respiration and pulse. What might cause these symptoms?
a. Injury to the cortical motor speech area
b. Injury to the vital centers within the medulla
c .Organization of the blood clot
d .Lesion in the occipital lobe
b. Injury to the vital centers within the medulla
All of the following statements apply to diabetes insipidus EXCEPT:
a. Lesions of the pancreas give rise to the disorder
b. The patient experiences excessive thirst
c. There is excessive output of urine of low specific gravity
d. There is insufficient secretion of antidiuretic hormone
a. Lesions of the pancreas give rise to the disorder
Treatment of cervical spondylosis after sudden onset or exacerbation of radicular pain and motor weakness following insult includes
Bed rest
Adequate use of analgesics
Radiant heat
All of the above
All of the above
During progressive cerebral anoxia, the first clinical sign that occurs is
Perceptual and visual difficulties
Unconsciousness
Decerebration
Impairment of judgment
Impairment of judgment
A common cause of epidural compression of the spinal cord is
Tay-Sachs disease
Hodgkin’s disease
Werdnig-Hoffman syndrome
Erb-Duchenne-Klumpke syndrome
Hodgkin’s disease
Demyelinating diseases of the central nervous system include all of the following EXCEPT
Multiple sclerosis
Alzheimer’s disease
Niemann-Pick disease
Schilder’s disease
Alzheimer’s disease
All of the following apply to Hodgkin’s disease EXCEPT
a. Clinical features include general symptoms of fever, weakness, weight loss, and anemia
b. Varying neurological manifestations
c. More common in females
d. Herpes zoster is not an uncommon concomitant
c. More common in females
Which of the following is most frequently associated with a subarachnoid hemorrhage?
Severe hypertension
Mycotic aneurysm
“Berry” aneurysm
Atherosclerotic aneurysm
“Berry” aneurysm
Primary diseases of muscle include all of the following EXCEPT
a. Progressive muscular dystrophy
b. Myasthenia gravis
c. Myotonia congenital
d. Infantile spinal muscular atrophy (Werdnig-Hoffman syndrome)
d. Infantile spinal muscular atrophy (Werdnig-Hoffman syndrome)
Changes in the neurological status of a patient, following a motorcycle accident, indicate damage. Which of the following would be most significant?
a. Localization of headaches
b. Pain and edema near the eye
c. Increase in pulse and respiratory rate
d. Change from alertness to increased lethargy
d. Change from alertness to increased lethargy
A positive Romberg test indicates
a. Serology for syphilis
b. Test for high protein in cerebrospinal fluid
c. High leukocyte count in cerebrospinal fluid
d .Swaying while standing with eyes closed
d. Swaying while standing with eyes closed
All of the following are characteristic of a lower motor neuron lesion, EXCEPT
a. Spastic paralysis below the level of the lesion
b. Atrophy of muscles below level of lesion
c .Depressed reflexes below level of lesion
d. Fasciculations
Spastic paralysis below the level of the lesion
Clinical features of multiple sclerosis include all of the following, EXCEPT
Motor weakness
Visual symptoms (e.g., diplopia)
Ataxia of gait
Bradykinesia
Bradykinesia
The disorder of movement of quick oscillation of eyes while fixing gaze on an object, as a result of a cerebellar tumor, is known as
Dysmetria
Asynergia
Adiadochokinesia
Nystagmus
Nystagmus
A cerebral infarction of the middle cerebral artery would probably cause all of the following symptoms EXCEPT
Aphasia
Ipsilateral Horner’s syndrome
Hemianopsia
Contralateral hemiplegia
Ipsilateral Horner’s syndrome
The inability to perform tapping movements quickly and smoothly is known as
Asynergia
Nystagmus
Adiadochokinesia
Dysmetria
Adiadochokinesia
Syringomyelia is characterized by all of the following EXCEPT
a. Atrophy of small muscles of the hand
b. Painless burns of fingers
c. Viral etiology
d. Cavitation and gliosis in spinal cord
c. Viral etiology
Which of the following is characteristic of a transient ischemic attack?
a. Lasting damage to the brain
b. Similar to epileptic seizure
c. No residual after attack
d. Hemiparesis is a residual
c. No residual after attack
Clinical features of ataxic cerebral palsy include all of the following, EXCEPT
Hypertonic from birth
Dysmetria
Intention tremor
Truncal ataxia
Hypertonic from birth
A condition that is due to involvement of the extrapyramidal system is
Ataxia
Athetosis
Spasticity
Hemiplegic cerebral palsy
Athetosis