Meyer 1 Flashcards
A 33-year-old female is referred to the clinic by a local dentist with a diagnosis of TMJ disorder. The order is for evaluation and treatment. The dentist requests that after treatment that you call his office to discuss the patient’s response to treatment. During the treatment, you are monitoring the patient’s ability to open and close her jaw. Which muscle is responsible for opening the jaw?
A. Pterygoideus medialis muscle
B. Pterygoideus lateralis muscle
C. Temporoparietalis muscle
D. Masseter muscle
B. Pterygoideus lateralis muscle
A patient is referred to physical therapy status post fracture to the left wrist joint. The physician has ordered mobilization to the joint to assist with increasing movement. In order to perform mobilization, it is necessary to know what type of joint you will be treating. Which of the following best describe the radical carpal articulation of the wrist joint?
A. Condyloid joint
B. Hinge joint
C. Pivot joint
D. Saddle joint
A. Condyloid joint
A patient reports to a physical therapy with a diagnosis of a fracture to the right humerus. He informs you that the fracture occurred at the midshaft of the humerus as a result of falling down a flight of stairs. Given this information, which of the following nerves would most likely be damaged secondary to this injury.
A. Median nerve
B. Subscapular nerve
C. Deltoid
D. Radial nerve
D. Radial nerve
A 22-year-old male was involved in an automobile accident in which he was a passenger pulled out of a burning car. As a result, the patient suffered a brachial plexus injury to the terminal branches of the lateral cord. Which of the following muscle would you not expect this patient to be having a problem with?
A. Biceps
B. Coracobrachialis
C. Deltoid
D. Pectoralis major
C. Deltoid
You are studying anatomy of the knee in anatomy and physiology class. In regard to the knee joint, which one of the following statement is true?
A. The lateral meniscus is larger than the medial meniscus and is shape like letter “C”
B. The lateral collateral ligament of the knee is attached to the meniscus
C. The medial meniscus is the smaller of the menisci and is shaped like the letter “O”
D. The posterior cruciate ligament has a distal attachment from the posterior intercondylar of the tibia
D. The posterior cruciate ligament has a distal attachment from the posterior intercondylar of the tibia
You receive an order for impatient physical therapy for range of motion and strengthening upper extremities and the left lower extremity. Upon arriving at patient bedside, you notice that the patient has the right lower extremity in balance skeletal traction. Which of the following areas has this patient most likely fractured?
A. Patella
B. Femur
C. Tibia
D. Lateral malleolus
B. Femur
A patient is recently admitted to the hospital emergency room after falling down the stairs at home. This 62-year-old female complains of pain in her left groin and gluteal area. You observe that the left hip is in flexion, adduction, and internal rotation. Which of the following is the patient most likely suffering?
A. A gluteus maximum strain
B. A dislocated hip
C. A fractured femoral head
D. An adductor muscle strain
B. A dislocated hip
You are treating an 18-year-old male patient for rotator cuff tendonitis. The physician suspects the patient actually has a dislocated shoulder. Which of the following would you not expect to find when treating the patient for shoulder dislocation?
A. The head of the humerus can be easily palpated
B. There is localized pain in the shoulder
C. There is crepitus in the joint
D. The patient is holding the shoulder in a flexed position
C. There is crepitus in the joint
A patient has been referred to your clinic after being evaluated at an arthritis spine center. The patient has been diagnosed as having rheumatoid arthritis rather than osteoarthritis. Which of the following would you expect to observe in a rheumatoid arthritic patient?
A. Involvement of the proximal interphalangeal joints
B. Chronic inflammation
C. Involvement of the distal interphalangeal joints
D. Involvement of the weightbearing joints
A. Involvement of the proximal interphalangeal joints
A 28-year-old male patient is sent to the clinic with low back pain. You perform modalities to reduce inflammation and pain. The physician suggests that you include Williams’ exercise to strengthen the patient secondary to poor posture. Upon postural evaluation, you notice an anterior tilt of the pelvis. Which of the following muscle would you be strengthening with Williams’ exercise?
A. Abdominal and gluteus maximus
B. Gluteus medius
C. Gluteus medius and minimus
D. Erector spinae
A. Abdominal and gluteus maximus
A patient is sent to physical therapy with orders for mobilization to the shoulder. More specifically, the physician calls and notifies you that he wants inferior glide performed to the humeral head. Which of the following positions should the shoulder be placed in to perform this?
A. Abduction to 5 degrees
B. Abduction to 10 degrees
C. Abduction to 20 degrees
D. Abduction to 30 degrees
D. Abduction to 30 degrees
A patient comes to the clinic suffering from second-degree burns. The injury occurred approximately 1 day ago and the patient is in the initial stage of wound repair. Wound healing typically occurs in four stages. Of the following stages, which is the initial stage?
A. Differentiation
B. Migration
C. Mobilization
D. Proliferation
C. Mobilization
A patient is sent to physical therapy to be set up on an exercise program to assist in weight loss. The patient has knee problems, which he feels, are due to his overweight status. Which of the following exercise program would best help this patient lose weight?
A. Exercise of short duration and high intensity
B. Exercise of low intensity and long duration
C. Prolonged and strenuous exercise
D. Intermittently strenuous exercise
B. Exercise of low intensity and long duration
Your patient is a 23-year-old male who has been on bed rest for 20 days as a result of an acute infection with severe complications. You are sent to start performing rehabilitation to assist this patient in recovery. Which of the following would not be a physiological effect of 20 days of bed rest for this patient?
A. The recovery period would take almost as long as exercise period
B. The patient would suffer considerable loss of bone and mineral content
C. There would be a small decrease in the maximum of oxygen consumption capacity
D. The patient would experience loss of stamina and fatigue
C. There would be a small decrease in the maximum of oxygen consumption capacity
You are teaching an OB/GYN lecture to a group of senior physical therapist students. You have set up a sample syllabus of how the course will proceed. You have also included unit objectives for the lecture and lab practical. Which of the following would be considered a unit objective?
A. The introduction, which explains the role of the physical therapist in OB/ GYN care
B. Demonstrating the three principles of body mechanics
C. Explaining the anatomy and physiology during pregnancy
D. Theories on labor and delivery
B. Demonstrating the three principles of body mechanics
A 5-year-old child is admitted to the hospital with severe burns on his legs, head, and lower abdomen, and minor burns on other surfaces. The physical therapist, using the Rule of Nines to estimate the burned area on the body, would allocate a larger percentage of total surface area for this child as compared to a child over age 12 if the burns were on what part of the child’s body?
A. Head and neck
B. Lower extremities
C. Upper extremities
D. Posterior and anterior chest
A. Head and neck
A patient is seen in physical therapy for a disturbance in his static equilibrium. When testing the patient, you have him stand perfectly still and instruct him to close his eyes. Upon doing this, the patient wavers from side to side and starts to fall, but you catch him and help him sit back down on the mat. Which of the following test has most likely been performed on this patient?
A. Labyrinthine righting reflex
B. Romberg sign
C. Babinski sign
D. Chronic labyrinthine test
B. Romberg sign
You are working with a physical therapy patient who exhibits extreme defense mechanisms. In reading the patient’s medical chart you see that there was psychiatric consultation that showed the patient was experiencing symptoms of paranoia. Which of the following would most likely be the defense mechanism in a paranoid patient?
A. Progression projection
B. Regression
C. Rationalization
D. Anger
A. Progression projection
The process of aging involves the neurological system. Which of the following is not a process of aging?
A. Toxification of the meninges
B. 20 % reduction of blood flow
C. Increase in ventricular size
D. Reduction of nerve conduction velocity
D. Reduction of nerve conduction velocity
A physical therapist works part- time at a treatment facility, as well as being a self- employed contractor to several group homes. Is it the responsibility of the physical therapist to obtain individual malpractice and liability insurance for the contracted work?
A. Yes, it is the responsibility of the physical therapist working as an independent contractor to carry individual liability coverage
B. No, liability coverage from the physical therapist’s primary work setting provide comprehensive coverage
C. No, it is the responsibility of the group homes to carry liability insurance for their contracted service provider
D. Yes, liability coverage from the inpatient setting is nullified if the Physical therapist takes on private client
A. Yes, it is the responsibility of the physical therapist working as an independent contractor to carry individual liability coverage
You are developing a marketing brochure for private practice that will be handed out to physicians at an open house. Which of the following would be the most important aspect to include on the marketing brochure for physician referral?
A. Hours of the clinic
B. List of the equipment in the clinic
C. Insurance companies that participate and are accepted at the clinic
D. The type of service offered and disorders treated
D. The type of service offered and disorders treated
You are treating an individual with a prosthetic. In observing the patient’s gait, you notice that the socket has a poor fit and appears to have a weak suspension system, and the knee friction is too soft. Which of the following will be the most likely gait deviation that you would observe?
A. Lateral whip
B. Rotation of the foot at the heel strike
C. Instability of the knee
D. Pistoning of the socket
D. Pistoning of the socket
A patient is referred to physical therapy status post below – elbow amputation. The patient has a very short below – elbow amputation and you need to teach control of her prosthesis. Which of the following motions would you utilize to teach the patient to control her prosthesis?
A. Shoulder flexion
B. Scapular protraction
C. Shoulder extension
D. Scapular retraction
A. Shoulder flexion
You are a senior physical therapist student completing your research for your theory and procedure class. You have performed a double blind study on the effects of iontophoresis on acute tennis elbow. You have measured the outcome using a pain scale of 0 to 10. The pain scale is measurable characteristic that can be manipulated in the experiment. Of the terms listed below, which best describes the measurable characteristic that can be manipulated in an experiment?
A. Data
B. Variable
C. Independent
D. Dependent
B. Variable
You are treating a pulmonary patient bedside for passive range of motion. There is no edema noted in this patient’s lower extremities. However, the patient is developing an acute pulmonary edema. Given this information, which of the following types of heart diseases would this most likely indicate?
A. Left atrial
B. Left ventricular
C. Right atrial
D. Right ventricular
B. Left ventricular
A 23-year-old female is referred to physical therapy with a diagnosis of a lesion in the upper trapezius. The physician has referred the patient for evaluation and treatment as appropriate. As a physical therapist, which result would you expect to see if an individual had a lesion in the upper trapezius?
A. Shoulder abduction would be weak
B. There would be no rotation of the upper scapula
C. The scapular retraction would be weak
D. The scapula would be rotated downward, which may result in subluxation of the sternoclavicular joint
D. The scapula would be rotated downward, which may result in subluxation of the sternoclavicular joint
A patient is referred to physical therapy secondary to pain in the right elbow. The physician notes upon x-rays that it appears there is a tear in the annular ligament. Which of the following would you expect as a result of a tear in the annular ligament?
A. Ulnar nerve entrapment
B. Valgus stress on the lateral collateral ligament
C. Dislocation of the head of the radius
D. A tear in the biceps muscle
C. Dislocation of the head of the radius
You are performing light touch to determine the sensory level of a spinal cord injury patient. When you moved the brush along the patient’s chest in a vertical manner, the patient states that he does not feel any stimulus as the brush reaches the level of the umbilicus. Which of the following would be the best estimate of the level of lesion for this patient?
A. T2
B. T4
C. T10
D. T12
C. T10
You are a physical therapist giving instruction on the skin care to a 65 years old female who is below knee amputee. Upon observation you notice that the patient’s opposite lower extremity toes are dark and discolored with mild atrophic changes in the nails. You also note that there is mild swelling of the foot and ankle. Which of the following most likely suspect?
A. The presence of thrombophlebitis
B. Chronic venous insufficiency
C. The patient will loss her remaining extremity within a few months
D. Lymphedema
B. Chronic venous insufficiency
You are testing patient’s non-equlibrium coordination. You ask her to run on her right heel from her left kneecap down her left shin to the ankle and back to the knee again. The patient can touch her kneecap accurately but she cannot keep the heel of the right foot on the tibia during the up and down motion. These results describe which of the following?
A. Dysmetria
B. Dysdiadochokinesia
C. Barognosis
D. Dyssynergia
D. Dyssynergia
You are working with a patient in the pulmonary wing of the hospital. You are observing the patient bedside, noting a particular pattern of breathing. The patient appears to be gasping for breath, on occasion her shoulder and thorax rise on inspiration, and her abdominal wall is retracted. Which of the following would you most likely suspect given this patient’s pattern of breathing?
A. She suffers from barrel chest
B. She is paradoxical breather
C. She is an upper chest breather
D. She has had a lung removed
C. She is an upper chest breather
You are performing a leg length evaluation on a 16-year-old male. In order to properly measure the leg length, it is important to know the landmarks used to compare the actual leg lengths of both lower extremities of this individual. Which of the following landmarks would you be using for the measurement?
A. Anterior inferior iliac spine to the lateral malleolus
B. Anterior inferior iliac spine to the medial malleolus
C. Anterior superior iliac spine to the medial malleolus
D. Posterior superior iliac spine to the lateral malleolus
C. Anterior superior iliac spine to the medial malleolus
Your patient is a 34-year-old female with calcified bursitis of the shoulder. You are to perform an ultrasound to the patient’s shoulder to treat the calcified bursitis. Which of the following would be the proper or most beneficial setting for the ultrasound frequency and dosage?
A. 1 MHz and .5 W/cm
B. 1 MHz and 1.5 W/cm
C. 3 MHz and .5 W/cm
D. 3 MHz and 1.5 W/cm
B. 1 MHz and 1.5 W/cm
You are working on a team with a nurse in a cardiac rehabilitation program. The patient currently is an inpatient and is to be discharged from stage-one cardiac rehabilitation to a stage two program. Which of the following would not be a goal to expect this patient to accomplish at the end of the stage one cardiac rehabilitation?
A. Independent in activities of daily living
B. Independent in patient diet
C. Increased maximal oxygen consumption
D. Independent in patient and family education regarding risk factors
C. Increased maximal oxygen consumption
While the neurointensive care unit, you are asked to treat a patient who was involved in a car accident. He is an 18-year-old male comatose. The following posture is observed when you turn the light on: lower extremities are plantar flexed and fully extended, upper extremity is positioned with shoulder adducted, elbow extended, forearm pronated, and wrist flexed. Which best describes the posture you observe?
A. Decerebrate rigidity
B. Decorticate rigidity
C. Decerebrate spasticity
D. Decorticate spasticity
A. Decerebrate rigidity
When palpating the spine of the scapula you noticed a large muscle knot in your patient. For a point of reference in your progress notes, you record that the patient has muscle spasm at the spine of the scapula. What vertebral level you could say corresponds with the spine of the scapula to further clarify the notes?
A. T5
B. T3
C. T7
D. T12
B. T3
You are performing a physical therapy in a nursing home where orthostatic hypotension occasionally occurs in some of the elderly patients. Which of the following would no be true concerning orthostatic hypotension?
A. It can occur as a result of patient assuming an upright position
B. It is common after long period of bedrest
C. It is common in elderly patients
D. It lasts for only 24 hours
D. It lasts for only 24 hours
You have evaluated a patient’s TMJ inability to open and close the jaw. You measure the patient’s ability to open the jaw after 2 weeks of treatment of pain and inflammation. The patient now closes the jaw. Which muscle is responsible for the closing of the jaw?
A. Masseter
B. Pterygoideus lateralis
C. Pterygoideus medialis
D. Zygomaticus
A. Masseter
A 21-year-old male comes to the clinic with a prescription for physical therapy. The diagnosis is brachial plexus injury involving the left shoulder upper extremity. The patient was injured in an automobile accident when a drunk driver hit his car, driving him into a telephone pole. The patient will need extensive rehabilitation for the brachial plexus injury. Particularly note was that the lateral cord of the brachial plexus was injured. Which nerve arises from the lateral cord of the brachial plexus?
A. Median
B. Ulnar
C. Axillary
D. Musculocutaneous
D. Musculocutaneous
Your patient is a 36-years-old factory worker who comes to physical therapy secondary to a crushing injury of the right from a molding press. The patient reports to a physical therapy for evaluation and treatment. You are to begin the treatment to reduce edema and assist in alleviating pain while regaining range of motion. You are palpating the distal row of the carpal bone to determine pain and edema. Which of the following would you not be palpating in the distal row of the carpal bone?
A. Trapezoid
B. Lunate
C. Capitate
D. Hamate
B. Lunate
You are treating a patient in a nursing home with a stage two ulcer of the greater trochanter. The patient’s condition is deteriorating over a period of months with an increase of infection in the area. Which of the following is the correct description of the body’s first defense against bacterial infection?
A. Phagocytes
B. Macrophages
C. Lymphocytes
D. Neutrophils
D. Neutrophils
A patient is referred to a physical therapy with ruptured Achilles tendon. The patient reports that he was mowing the lawn and was going down to a steep incline when he felt a sharp, sudden pain in the left heel region. Which of the following would be the proper location for the Achilles tendon insertion?
A. Cuboid
B. Calcaneus
C. Talus
D. First metatarsal
B. Calcaneus
You are treating a patient with medial epicondylitis of the elbow. The patient informs you that he is an avid golfer and participated in a weekend tournament at the local golf club. He comes to the clinic complaining of pain, inflammation, and tendonitis in the medial epicondyle region of the elbow. You are performing a musculoskeletal assessment on the patient, as well as evaluating for possible nerve injury. You are palpating behind the medial epicondyle region of the elbow for pain and tenderness. Of the following, which is the nerve that lies behind the medial epicondyle of the elbow?
A. Ulnar
B. Median
C. Radial
D. Brachial
A. Ulnar
You are observing the posture of a patient walking in and out of the parallel bars. You notice that the patient maintains an elevated pelvis on the right as compared to the left side. Of the following, which muscle elevates the pelvis?
A. Quadratus lumborum
B. Pectineus
C. Gemellus inferior
D. Gemellus superior
A. Quadratus lumborum
You are now studying the symmetrical tonic neck reflex (STNR). The STNR integration is the brainstem. The physical therapist assistant places the patient head in the extended position. Which of the following would be the correct response to the stimulus?
A. Upper extremity flexion and lower extremity extension
B. Upper extremity extension and lower extremity flexion
C. Extension of Upper/lower extremities
D. Flexion of both Upper /lower extremities
B. Upper extremity extension and lower extremity flexion
You have pediatric patient referred to physical therapy. The patient is 5 months old. You want to test several reflexes of this patient. The stimulus you utilize for the first reflex is a sudden movement to cause a startle reaction in the patient. Which of the following are you most likely performing?
A. Grasp reflex
B. Protective extension reaction
C. Protective reaction
D. Moro’s Reflex
D. Moro’s Reflex
You have a patient in physical therapy who has been a secretary for 20 years. The patient reports pain in the midback as a result of walking over a computer for marathon typing session. Curvature of the spine can best be described as the following: it is in the anterior posterior direction in which the convexity is in the posterior direction. Which of the following would be the correct terminology for this curvature of the spine?
A. Scoliosis
B. Sway back
C. Flat back
D. Kyphosis
D. Kyphosis
You are observing a patient with tarsal tunnel syndrome from approximately 50 feet away in the clinic. You observe the patient from the anterior and posterior views. In your notes you record that the patient, upon ambulation demonstrate calcaneus valgus. Which of the following would be the correct description of calcaneus valgus?
A. Excessive plantarflexion of the foot
B. Excessive dorsiflexion of the foot
C. Excessive inversion of the foot
D. Excessive eversion of the foot
D. Excessive eversion of the foot
A patient is referred to physical therapy secondary to neck pain. Upon observation, you noticed that the patient has deformity of the neck that causes rotation and tilting of the head in the opposite direction. When writing the SOAP notes which of the following be the best term to utilize in describing this patient’s condition.
A. Disc calcification
B. Disc herniation
C. Cervical strain
D. Torticollis
D. Torticollis
You are to perform an initial evaluation to a patient 2 weeks status post rotator cuff tendon repair. The orders are to begin general strengthening of the rotator cuff muscle with strengthening limited to shoulder range of motion 90 degrees or lower. Which of the following muscles would not be emphasized in this patient’s treatment program?
A. Infraspinatus
B. Teres major
C. Supraspinatus
D. Subscapularis
B. Teres major
A patient is referred to a physical therapy with a diagnosis of Erb Duchenne palsy/paralysis. The physician recommends a treatment program that will emphasize maintaining the range of motion and preventing the contractures. Erb Duchenne paralysis is a result of damage to which of the following nerve roots?
A. C4, C5
B. C5, C6
C. C7, C8
D. T1, T2
B. C5, C6
A patient is referred to a physical therapy with a burn on the elbow as a result of gasoline flashback from a fire. The patient is currently in moderate pain and requires a debridement and range of motion. Following treatment of whirlpool debridement and range of motion. Which of the following would be the correct position in which to place the elbow?
A. Extension, supination
B. Flexion, pronation
C. Extension, pronation
D. Flexion
A. Extension, supination
The patient suggests that you start massage of the patient with back pain to reduce muscle spasm and assist in alleviating pain. The physician recommends that the massage you utilize consist of a series of brisk blows in the alternating fashion. Of the following massages, which has the physician recommended?
A. Tapotement massage
B. Friction massage
C. Kneading massage
D. Vibration
A. Tapotement massage
You are working in a burn unit of an acute care hospital. A patient is referred to physical therapy with a burn located in the hip region. The physician performs the initial debridement and instructs you to position the hip so that the patient will not develop a contracture. Which of the following would be the correct positioning for this patient?
A. Flexion
B. Abduction
C. Flexion and adduction
D. Extension and abduction
D. Extension and abduction
Your last patient in the burn unit has an anterior neck burn. This patient has already received treatment to emphasize decreasing chances of flexion and healing in the area. It is now your responsibility to place this patient in a position to minimize contractures. Which of the following would be the correct positioning?
A. Flexion
B. Rotation
C. Extension
D. Hyperextension
D. Hyperextension
While working in the burn unit you decide to do study of how patients respond to correct positioning as a result of a burn and how that directly relates to their decreased ability to develop a contracture. You perform a cross-sectional research study?
A. Interviewing the same people through the same time period
B. Interviewing different people through their life span
C. Interviewing the same people through their life span
D. Interviewing different people through the same time period
D. Interviewing different people through the same time period
A patient is referred to a physical therapy for range of motion and strengthening. The patient presents the following history: he reports that he has a collage vascular disorder affecting the connective tissue. The patient report that he is currently taking medication and the doctor has recommended physical therapy for joint conservation technique and maintaining range of motion. The patient present the classic “butterfly rash” Which of the following diseases are you most likely dealing with?
A. Scleroderma
B. Dermatomyositis
C. Lupus Erythematosus
D. Polynodosa
C. Lupus Erythematosus
You are working with a cerebral palsy child. You notice that the child has great difficulty reaching for an object with one hand. The child prefers to reach for an object with both hands. What age would be considered normal for a child to be able to reach for an object with one hand?
A. 3 months
B. 6 months
C. 1 year
D. 9 months
B. 6 months
You are maintaining SOAP notes on a patient for physical therapy. You are responsible for the initial evaluation and for daily notes on the patient’s condition. Which of the following would be the primary reason for maintaining SOAP notes on patient?
A. Legal purposes
B. Educational purposes
C. Improvement of patient care
D. Third party payers
C. Improvement of patient care
The hospital administrator suggested that as a physical therapist, you should be involve in a written program that assures proper use of the facility’s fund and personnel. The administrator will train you in this process and suggest that you assist in monitoring this written report. In which of the following are you most likely participating?
A. Peer review
B. Program evaluation
C. Quality assurance
D. Utilization Review
D. Utilization Review
A patient is referred to a physical therapy. Prior to receiving services, the patient’s insurance is verified. The type of insurance that this patient has limits the total number of treatments or visit for the problem to 12. The patient also pays a small fixed fee for each visit, 5.00 dollars per visit. Your facility has signed up to participate with his patient insurance; therefore, you accept him for treatment. Which of the following does this patient most likely have?
A. HMO
B. Medicaid
C. Medicare
D. Workman’s compensation
A. HMO
A patient is required to physical therapy for a post-caesarian exercise program. The physician informs you that the patient is in day 3-post cesarean and needs to be started on an exercise program. Which of the following exercises would not be appropriate?
A. Pelvic floor exercise
B. Diaphragmatic breathing
C. Leg slides
D. Leg lifts
D. Leg lifts
The physicians instruct you to set a patient up on a particular exercise program, keeping in mind the metabolic equivalent (MET). This is a unit for the number of millimeters of oxygen consumed per gram of body weight. The physician suggests that you work the patient at 2 METs. Two METs means that the work requires twice the amount of oxygen. Which of the following would you have the patient performing for two METs?
A. Lifting light weight at 2 to 3 pounds
B. Walking 3.5 mph
C. Cycling 8 mph
D. Walking 4mph
A. Lifting light weight at 2 to 3 pounds
A patient comes to the clinic secondary to a light ankle sprain. The patient reports that he was playing basketball when his foot landed on another player’s foot, causing a severe twisting injury. The patient has been diagnosed with an inversion sprain. Which of the following ligaments would least likely need to be rehabilitated with this patient?
A. Anterior talofibular ligament
B. Calcaneofibular ligament
C. Deltoid ligament
D. Posterior talofibular ligament
C. Deltoid ligament
You are training a patient who twisted her left ankle while participating in a tennis competition over the weekend. There is effusion of the ankle joint with increased temperature. The patient injured the ankle as a result of an eversion sprain. Which of the following ligaments would be emphasized in this patient’s treatment program?
A. Deltoid ligament
B. Anterior talofibular ligament
C. Calcaneofibular ligament
D. Posterior talofibular ligament
A. Deltoid ligament
A patient comes to your clinic with a complaint of severe knee pain. Upon evaluation, You observe that the knee joint is extremely swollen and warm. Upon testing, the tibia can be displaced posteriorly on the femur. There appears to be considerable pain and instability of the knee joint during evaluation. Which of the following structures is most likely involved?
A. Anterior cruciate ligament
B. Posterior cruciate ligament
C. Medial meniscus
D. Lateral meniscus
B. Posterior cruciate ligament
A patient is evaluated in a nursing home for an ulcer in the greater trochanter. The wound destruction is described in the following way: it involves full thickness of the dermis and undermining of the deeper tissues, and the muscle is slightly involved. There is no bone destruction. Given this information, which of the following stages would best describe this ulcer?
A. Stage one
B. Stage two
C. Stage three
D. Stage four
C. Stage three
A patient reports to physical therapy for evaluation of his hand. Upon evaluation of the patient’s right hand, the therapist notices atrophy involving the muscles of the thenar eminence. Which of the following would you most likely suspect to be injured?
A. Median nerve
B. Axillary nerve
C. Ulnar nerve
D. Radial nerve
A. Median nerve
You have a patient who becomes withdrawn. The patient occasionally shifts from withdrawal into obscene language, demonstrates very bizarre behavior, and seems to have problems cooperating with physical therapy. Based on these symptoms, which of the following most likely describes the condition of this patient?
A. Paranoia
B. Depression
C. Schizophrenia
D. Psychopathy
C. Schizophrenia
A 20-year-old patient hospitalized with a diagnosis of schizophrenia begins to hear voices and walks to the staircase to peer over. The patient says, “I want to kill the voices.” The most appropriate response from would be to:
A. Ask the patient to identify the voices
B. Talk to the patient while moving him or her from the staircase
C. Discuss the voices and why the patient wants to kill them
D. Tell the patient that the voices are not really there
B. Talk to the patient while moving him or her from the staircase
A patient is sent to physical therapy with an order for training with a cane. The patient has a sprained ankle and has progressed from crutch ambulation to requiring a cane along with an air cast. Which of the following would be proper utilization of a cane for this patient?
A. Use it on the same side as the ankle injury
B. Use it on the opposite side of the ankle injury
C. Use it during the stance phase
D. Use it during the push-off phase
B. Use it on the opposite side of the ankle injury
In a research project during your senior year at school, each student is assigned a different method of research on what percentage of time the physical therapist in private practice spends on clinical practice versus administration. You perform your research by sending out standardized forms to 100 physical therapists in private practice your state. You request that the therapists fill out and answer all the appropriate questions and return the forms to you to correlate the answers and report on them. Which of the following best defines the method of research that you are utilizing?
A. Cross-sectional
B. Developmental
C. Questionnaire
D. Survey
C. Questionnaire
In studying an EKG wave of a patient, you notice an irregularity of the P wave. The P wave of the EKG will correspond to which of the following?
A. Atrial repolarization
B. Atrial depolarization
C. Mitral repolarization
D. Mitral depolarization
B. Atrial depolarization
A patient is referred to physical therapy for gait evaluation with a prosthesis. Upon observing the patient, you notice that he is demonstrating a gait deviation of lateral trunk bending. Which of the following would be the most likely anatomical cause of lateral trunk bending?
A. The prosthesis is too short
B. The prosthesis is too long
C. Abductor muscles are weak
D. The prosthesis is in abduction
C. Abductor muscles are weak
A patient is referred to physical therapy with a diagnosis of frozen adhesive capsulitis of the right shoulder. You perform physical therapy for 1 week and now you are going to remeasure joint range of motion. Which of the following would you expect the capsular pattern of restriction to be in the glenohumeral joint for this patient?
A. Internal rotation is limited more than external rotation
B. External rotation is limited more than internal rotation
C. Adduction is limited more that external rotation
D. Flexion is limited more than external rotation
B. External rotation is limited more than internal rotation
You are observing a patient with a prosthesis who shows instability of the knee. Which of the following would most likely not be a possible prosthetic cause for instability of the knee?
A. The knee joint is too anterior
B. Plantar flexion resistance is too high
C. There is no limit on dorsiflexion
D. Plantar flexion resistance is too low
D. Plantar flexion resistance is too low
Your patient is a 24-year-old female who comes to physical therapy complaining that she has been experiencing abnormal movement and pain since her fourth month of pregnancy. It is known that during pregnancy the hormone relaxin can lead to abnormal movements and pain for the patient. Which of the following would most likely be the location of pain in this patient?
A. Left hip joint
B. Bilateral hip joint
C. Lumbar sacral joint
D. Sacroiliac joint
D. Sacroiliac joint
You are a physical therapist teamed up with a nurse conducting a cardiac rehabilitation session for 10 patients. The nurse receives a phone call and must leave the room to speak with the physician concerning one of the patient’s programs. Which of the following would be the most appropriate response?
A. Terminate the exercise session and send the patient’s back to their rooms
B. Temporarily terminate the exercise session while awaiting the nurse’s return
C. Continue the exercise program with less strenuous exercises
D. Continue the exercise program as previously outlined by you and the nurse
D. Continue the exercise program as previously outlined by you and the nurse
You are treating a patient in the neurointensive care unit. The patient is unresponsive to stimuli and you determine that he is comatose. You observe the following posture at the patient’s bedside: supine, the lower extremities are plantar flexed and internally rotated, and the upper extremities are positioned in shoulder adduction, elbow flexion, and wrist flexion. Which of the following best describes the posture you observed in this patient?
A. Hemiplegia
B. Decerebrate rigidity
C. Decorticate rigidity
D. Spasticity extensor
C. Decorticate rigidity
While on the cardiopulmonary floor, the physician asks you to consult on another case. You find a 36-year-old male whose breathing alternates between periods of deep breathing and apnea. Therefore, the pattern of breathing is hyperpnea and apnea, especially when sleeping. What is another term for this type of breathing or disorder of rate and rhythm?
A. Ataxic breathing
B. Biot’s breathing
C. Cheyne-Stokes respiration
D. Sighing respiration
C. Cheyne-Stokes respiration