Religious figures under Edward Flashcards
Why couldn’t Somerset provoke Charles V?
He was already at war with France and Scotland
Why was Somerset careful with the reforms?
Protestant reformers were in minority in the North, South West and Midlands and Somerset could not provoke a rebellion against the throne
The religious situation when Henry dies?
England still largely Catholic but without the pope as the head of the Church
What task faced Somerset?
Removing Catholic practices
What does Somerset do at first with his policies?
cautious - some policies destroyed, but reformed church never created
What religious view was Somerset?
Only a moderate Protestant
What were the bishops view on the reforms?
bishops were split over the actions with many opposing changes
Religious reform introduced in 1547?
Book of Homilies - providing clergy with model sermons
What changes were introduced for Sermons? (3)
- Sermons in English
- Sermons delivered each week
- English bibles were made available
What Royal injunctions were introduced 1547-9?
- Superstitious images were removed and destroyed
- Chantries act dissolved
What was the councils response to the measures?
Happy with the cautious measures
What do 1548 Proclamations attemept to do?
Limit public preaching in an attempt to limit the spread of Protestantism
What do the government do in 1549? Why?
Government are in a stronger position so can introduce act of uniformity which encouraged Protestant practices
In relation to the clergy what changes are introduced as part of the act of uniformity? (2)
- Clergy could be fined for refusing to carry out new services
- Clergy encouraged to carry out inspections
What was the publics response to the changes introduced under Somerset?
- Some small scale unrest in Devon, Cornwall, Hampshire, Yorkshire and Oxfordshire (contributed to Somersets downfall in 1549)
- However, many gentries willingly enforced these changes
What could happen now Northumberland was in charge? (2)
- Further steps towards Protestantism would be made
- Parliament could introduce more radical reforms
What caused less reistance to religous reforms?
Memories of the fate of the 1549 rebels
What caused a change to how priests were ordained?
The new ordinal
What happened to conservative bishops such as Gardiner, Ridley and Hooper?
Conservative bishops such as Gardiner, Ridley and Hooper were removed and replaced with reformers
Which reforms did Parliament introduce? (4)
- Treason act banned any criticism of the church
- Second act of uniformity
- The second book of payer
- 42 articles
What were Edward VI’s beliefs? What evidence supports this?
Edward was a Protestant; reflected in the radical policies of Somerset and Northumberland
In terms of Protestant reformers what happened under Edward?
Many Protestant reformers returned
What position did John Hooper hold?
Chaplain and later the bishop of Gloucester and Worcester
What position did Thomas Cranmer hold?
Archbishop of Canterbury during the reign of Henry VIII and Edward VI
What position did Nicholas Ridley hold?
Bishop of London and Westminster for parts of Edward’s reign
What position did John Knox hold?
Scottish clergymen who were seen as the leader of the Scottish reformation
What actions did John Hooper do? (3)
- Enthusiastic to carry out Priest visitations to implement reform
- Criticised other priests for not knowing the origin or content of the Lords prayer / 10 commandments
- Under Mary, martyred as a part of her prosecutions of Catholics
What actions did Thomas Cranmer do? (3)
- Helped Henry to break away from Rome and his efforts to divorce Catherine of Aragon
- Cranmer was influential in Somerset and Northumberlands reforms
- Helped when writing the common prayer books, Book of Homilies and 42 articles
What actions did Nicholas Ridley do?
- Helped Cranmer write the book of common prayer
What actions did John Knox do?
- Influential in the writing of the book of Common Prayer
What happened to John Hooper under Mary I?
Under Mary Hooper was martyred as a part of her prosecutions of Catholics
What happened to Thomas Cranmer under Mary I? (2)
- When Mary was on the throne he spent two years in prison until he accepted Roman Catholicism in a bid to be released from prison
- In response, Mary burned Cranmer to make an example of him
What happened to Nicholas Ridley under Mary I?
Arrested during Mary I’s reign and burned at the stake for his teachings and support of Lady Jane
What happened to John Knox under Mary I?
Was able to escape England to avoid Mary’s persecution
