Government and Faction - Mary

Question 1

What dilemma faced Mary?

Answer 1

The dilemma of using men who had the experience but had excluded her, supporting Protestant reformation or of using those who had supported her and Catholicism but had very little experience within government

Question 2

Which experienced figures would she use on her council?

Answer 2

Paget and Gardiner

Question 3

What issues were caused by the large size of Mary’s privy council?

Answer 3

Some have argued it was too large to work effectively

Question 4

What made the council more efficient?

Answer 4

• Establishing committee without casual councillors in 1554
• Creation of the Inner council in 1555
• Phillips departure and Gardiner’s death in 1555, allowed Paget to lead a more united government

Question 5

Which faction supported Edward Courtenay, Earl of Devon?

Answer 5

Gardiner

Question 6

Why did Gardiner support Edward Courtenay, Earl of Devon? (2)

Answer 6

• Descended from English blood

- Would have strengthened the Tudor Dynasty

Question 7

Which faction supported Phillip II of Spain?

Answer 7

Paget

Question 8

Why did Mary want to marry Phillip II of Spain? (2)

Answer 8

• Catholic

- From the Habsburgs, a powerful European family

Question 9

What fears came from Mary’s marry to Phillip?

Answer 9

England being drawn into wars that weren’t in her best interest

Question 10

What happened in January 1554?

Answer 10

Mary would receive approval for her marriage by the Privy Council, despite a petition from the House of Commons

Question 11

What would break out after the marriage

Answer 11

A rebellion

Question 12

Which three key figures were part of Wyatt’s rebellion? Why?

Answer 12

• Sir James Croft, Sir Peter Carew and Sir Thomas Wyatt

- Fearing they’d lose influence in court to Spaniards

Question 13

What was the plan for Wyatts rebellion?

Answer 13

Four-pronged attack based in Kent, Wales, Leicestershire and Devon

Question 14

What actually happened in Wyatts rebellion?

Answer 14

Only the rebellion in Kent would ever break out

Question 15

Was popular unrest widepsread or limited?

Answer 15

Limited

Question 16

How did people critique Mary’s government?

Answer 16

Too large and faction-ridden for government to function effectively

Question 17

What supports the view that it was too large?

Answer 17

The lack of formal council discussion about her decision to marry Phillip of Spain

Question 18

What supports the view that it wasn’t too large?

Answer 18

The fact that routine administration was effective

Question 19

Who were the Kennignhall faction?

Answer 19

A faction within the council who had helped her gain the throne and were rewarded with the lucrative position

Question 20

Who is present on Marys council?

Answer 20

• Some councillors who’d served under Edward
• Gardiner
• Kennignhall faction

Question 21

Why does mary allow some councillors who’d served under Edward to remain on her council?

Answer 21

As they were willing to show her loyalty such as Paget

Question 22

Why was the issue of the kennighal faction as such a large group avoided?

Answer 22

As it was rare for all of the members to attend

Question 23

What suggests the council infact wasn’t too large?

Answer 23

Average size for a council meeting was what it had been during Northumberlands rule

Question 24

Provide an example of factions impacting policies (between Gardiner and Paget)?

Answer 24

During Gardiner’s attempt to revive the Heresy laws in 1554 they were blocked when Paget urged key figures in the council to reject the policy

Question 25

True or false: there were disputes but for the most part, the council was able to put rivalry aside

Answer 25

True