Key figures for Provenance Flashcards
Who was Charles V?
King of Spain and the Holy Roman Emperor
What role does Charles V play in the foreign policy of Edward and Henry VIII?
As a powerful Catholic monarch, his allegiance played a key role
What religion was Charles V?
Catholic
Who was Edward Courtenay?
A nobleman proposed to be a suitable husband for mary
What position does Edward Courtenay rise to under Mary I?
Earl of Devon
What role does Edward play in Wyatt rebellion? (2)
- Plotters wanted to marry him to Elizabeth and place them on the throne
- Would reveal the (secret) plans forcing rebels to act early
What happens to Edward Courtenay after Wyatt’s rebellion?
Is arrested but not executed
Who was Edward Seymour?
King Edwards uncle and Earl of Hertford
What position does Edward Seymour rise to under Edward? (2)
Duke of Somerset and becomes royal protector
Who was John Dudley?
Earl of Warwick in 1547, then Duke of Northumberland
What position did John Dudley hold under Edward and when?
John Dudley ruled as lord president of the council during the second phase of Edwrad minority
Who was John Hooper?
Chaplain and later the bishop of Gloucester and Worcester
Who influenced John Hooper
European reformers Zwingli and Calvin
What actions did John Hooper do? (3)
- Enthusiastic to carry out Priest visitations to implement reform
- Criticised other priests for not knowing the origin or content of the Lords prayer / 10 commandments
- Under Mary, martyred as a part of her prosecutions of Catholics
Who was Lady Jane Grey?
Queen of England for nine days after Edwards death due to a distant claim to the throne
What happened to Lady Jane Grey?
Beheaded for treason under Mary
What position did Thomas Cranmer hold?
Archbishop of Canterbury during the reign of Henry VIII and Edward VI
What position did Nicholas Ridley hold?
Bishop of London and Westminster for parts of Edward’s reign
What position did John Knox hold?
Scottish clergymen who were seen as the leader of the Scottish reformation
What actions did Thomas Cranmer do? (3)
- Helped Henry to break away from Rome and his efforts to divorce Catherine of Aragon
- Cranmer was influential in Somerset and Northumberlands reforms
- Helped when writing the common prayer books, Book of Homilies and 42 articles
What actions did Nicholas Ridley do?
- Helped Cranmer write the book of common prayer
What actions did John Knox do?
- Influential in the writing of the book of Common Prayer
What position did Stephen Gardiner hold?
Bishop of Winchester and secretary to Henry VIII
What actions did Stephen Gardiner do?
Played an important role in the English reformation
What would Stephen Gardiner oppose?
More radical reforms
What happened to Stephen Gardiner under Edward?
He was imprisoned in the Tower of London
What happened to Stephen Gardiner under Mary?
He was reinstated as the bishop of Winchester
What happened to Bishop Bonner under Edward? Why?
He was imprisoned due to opposition to the protestant reform as he was a Catholic Bishop
What happened to Bishop Bonner under Mary?
He would be reappointed by Cardinal Pole, later becoming bishop of London
What actions would Bonner carry out?
He’d write Bonner’s Homilies
What position did Reginald Pole hold?
Cardinal of Roman Catholic church and later the archbishop of Canterbury under Mary 1
What happened to Cardinal Reginald Pole under Henry? Why?
Under Henry Pole refuses to support Henry VIII’s break with Rome and spent many years in exile
What happened to Cardinal Reginald Pole under Mary? (3)
- Returns to England
- Becomes one of Mary’s chief advisors
- Oversaw passing of heresy Laws and persecution of Protestants
Who was Thomas Howard?
3rd Duke of Norfolk, uncle to Henry’s wives Anne Boleyn and Catherine Howard
What happened to Thomas Howard under Mary?
Released and Reinstated to 3rd Duke of Norfolk
What happened to Thomas Howard under Henry?
Arrested and imprisoned for treason
What happened to Thomas Howard under Edward?
Remained in prison
Who was Thomas Wriothesley?
Held position of Lord Chancellor and Lord Privy Seal under Henry VIII
What happened to Thomas Wriothesley under Edward?
- Made Earl of Southampton and held a position on Pricy council
- Forced out due to factional struggles
- Part of the group to remove Somerset
Who was Thomas Wyatt?
A loyal member of Tudor gentry supporting Mary against LJG
What happened to Thomas Wyatt under Mary?
Leads a rebellion in Kent against the throne in light of her marriage to Phillip
Who was William Paget?
Filled prominent positions throughout Henry, Edward and Marys reign including member of pricy Council and Lord Privy seal
What was controversial about William Paget in regard to Mary?
Had supported LJG
Who was William Cecil?
Smaller noblemen who rose to power, peaking under Northumberland
What happened to William Cecil under Mary?
Fell from power
Who was John Foxe?
A protestant who went into exile under Mary
What happened to John Foxe under Elizabeth?
Returned under Elizabeth and wrote his book of Martyrs describing the burnings of Protestants under Mary –> book becomes a best seller
