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8th and 9th Grade > Religions > Flashcards

Religions Flashcards

1
Q

Hinduism is unique among the major religions for what reason?

A

It’s the oldest religion that’s still being used

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2
Q

Where did Aryan people migrate into India from

A

North and central Asia

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3
Q

Where did Hinduism originate

A

The Indus River Valley

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4
Q

Who is the founder of Hinduism’s belief system’s creation?

A

There is none because it is based on the beliefs and practices of a diverse group of people who added to the religion over thousands of years.

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5
Q

Hinduism’s sacred text

A

The Vedas

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6
Q

The Vedas

A

a collection of hymns and ritual texts that were compiled over a long period of time from different authors

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7
Q

Unifying concepts of Hinduism

A

Brahman
Reincarnation
Caste
Dharma
Karma

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8
Q

The oldest of the vedas

A

Rig Veda

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9
Q

Upanishads

A

sections of the Vedas that deal with philosophy, medication, and the nature of God

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10
Q

Mahabharata

A

the world’s longest epic - one of the most widespread scriptures in the world with its dominant message of justice

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11
Q

How many deities are include in Hinduism

A

Over 33,000 (polytheistic religion)

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12
Q

What does each god in hinduism have

A

Each god has its own story, personality, and responsibilities.

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13
Q

Vishnu

A

The Preserver or Protector

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14
Q

Shiva

A

The Destroyer

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15
Q

Ganesha

A

The God of Good Fortune

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16
Q

Though there are many gods, what are they seen by many Hindus as

A

Different forms of the same god called the “ultimate reality” or Brahman - that’s why some people consider Hinduism to be a monotheistic religion

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17
Q

Reincarnation

A

the idea that the individual soul (atman) is reborn in a different form after death and continues to be reborn until the soul achieves “union with Brahman,” also known as moksha.

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18
Q

Individual soul

A

Atman

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19
Q

The acheivment of “union with Brahman”

A

Moksha

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20
Q

caste

A

social class in Hinduism that is determined by one’s actions in their previous life that one can only move out of through the process of reincarnation.

21
Q

Dalits

A

Considered the lowest in society and required to do “unclean work”, they are also known as the untouchables

22
Q

4 major castes

A

Brahmins, kshatriyas, vaisyas, sudras

23
Q

Brahmins

A

Priests

24
Q

Kshatriyas

A

warriors

25
Q

vaisyas

A

herders, farmers, merchants, craftspeople

26
Q

sudras

A

farm workers, servants, laborers, only non-aryans out of the four

27
Q

Dharma

A

one’s duty according to their caste

28
Q

Karma

A

the sum of one’s good and bad actions during life. If one follows their dharma (duty), then they will have good karma. If one does not follow their dharma, they will have bad karma.

29
Q

Can you move up and down in the system during your life and into a different caste?

A

NO

30
Q

Why is the Hindu Caste System a rigid social hierarchy

A

It’s “rigid” because you cannot leave whichever caste you are born into. There is no social mobility.

31
Q

What does your caste determine

A

Your job, where you live, and who you can associate with

32
Q

Moksha

A

The ultimate goal of Hinduism is liberation (moksha), a state of perfect understanding of all things, freeing the soul from the cycle of reincarnation.

33
Q

What does karma influence

A

Circumstances of the nest life, (caste, health, wealth)

34
Q

Brahma

A

The creator

35
Q

How does vishnu appear

A

in different forms, such as Krishna (the divine cowherder) and Rama (the ideal king)

36
Q

What plays a big role in hindu marriages

A

The sacred fire, symbolizing the enduring connection between the couple, as it has for centuries

37
Q

Who founded Jainism

A

Mahavira

38
Q

What did Mahavira teach

A

that all living things have a soul and should not be harmed.

39
Q

What does Jainism emphasize

A

strict nonviolence (ahimsa) and self-discipline.

40
Q

Ahimsa

A

Strict nonviolence

41
Q

The core belief of Jainism

A

Everything in the universe, including plants, animals, and inanimate objects, has a soul.

42
Q

What do Jains believe

A

in achieving liberation by freeing the soul from karma through ethical behavior and nonviolence.

43
Q

Founder of Buddhism

A

Siddhartha Gautama, later known as the Buddha (meaning “the enlightened one”), was born as a prince in India.

44
Q

What did Siddhartha Gautama figure out on his Path to Enlightenment

A

The way to overcome desires is by following the Eightfold Path

45
Q

The Eightfold Path:

A

The Eightfold Path is a guide to ethical conduct, mental discipline, and wisdom, designed to help a person overcome suffering and achieve nirvana (release from the cycle of rebirth).

46
Q

Nirvana

A

Release from the cycle of rebirth, the ultimate goal in Buddhism, similar to moksha in Hinduism, is a state of perfect understanding and freedom from suffering.

47
Q

What does Buddha reject from Hinduism

A

The many gods, focusing instead on enlightenment and the path to overcoming suffering

48
Q

What do people say contributed to the gradual decline of Buddhism in india

A

Hinduism absorbed many Buddhist ideas

49
Q

Where did Buddhism widely spread

A

Across East Asia, becoming the dominant religion in the region

8th and 9th Grade (25 decks)

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