Religion In A Global Context Flashcards

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1
Q

Why does fundamentalism arise?

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2
Q

What challenges might there be to traditional beliefs and values in the modern world?

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3
Q

Briefly explain the following features of fundamentalism:

  • An authoritative sacred text
  • An ‘us and them’ mentality
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4
Q

Briefly explain the following features of fundamentalism:

  • Aggressive reaction
  • Use of modern technology
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5
Q

Briefly explain the following features of fundamentalism:

  • Patriarchy
  • Prophecy
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6
Q

Briefly explain the following feature of fundamentalism:

- Conspiracy theories

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7
Q

According to Davie, why are fundamentalists the product of modernity?

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8
Q

According to Giddens, why does late modern society encourage fundamentalism?

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9
Q

Define cosmopolitanism..

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10
Q

What do cosmopolitan religions and spirituality emphasise?

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11
Q

According to Bauman, why does postmodern society lead some people to fundamentalism?

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12
Q

Briefly explain the two responses to postmodernity that Castells identifies.

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  • Resistance identity:

- Project identity:

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13
Q

Briefly outline four criticisms of Giddens, Bauman and Castells.

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14
Q

Define monotheism.

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15
Q

According to Bruce, why is fundamentalism confined to monotheistic religions?

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16
Q

Briefly explain Bruce’s ‘two fundamentalisms’

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  • In the West:

- In the Third World:

17
Q

What are Davie’s two phases of modernity?

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  • The first phase: religious fundamentalism

- The second phase: secular fundamentalism

18
Q

Briefly explain Davie’s first phase of modernity and how it gives rise to different forms of fundamentalism.

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19
Q

Briefly explain Davie’s second phase of modernity and how it gives rise to different forms of fundamentalism.

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20
Q

Why does Davie claim that secular ideologies are struggling for survival?

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21
Q

Using an example, briefly explain secular fundamentalism.

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22
Q

Why might some types of secular fundamentalism be seen as a form of cultural racism?

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23
Q

List Huntington’s seven civilisations.

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24
Q

How has globalisation led to increased conflict between religions?

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25
Q

According to Huntington, why are religious conflicts harder to resolve than political ones?

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26
Q

Briefly outline four criticisms of Huntington’s clash of civilisations theory.

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27
Q

According to Norris and Inglehart, what is the real clash of civilisations?

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28
Q

Briefly explain what is meant by ‘cultural defence.’

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29
Q

Using the examples of Poland, explain how religion may be used to defend national identity.

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30
Q

Using the examples of Iran, explain how religion may be used to defend national identity.

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31
Q

What impact has globalisation had in India?

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32
Q

According to Nanda, why has prosperity in India led to an increase in religiosity?

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33
Q

How has Hinduism changed in response to the increased wealth of many Indians?

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34
Q

In what way can Hinduism be seen as a form of civil religion in India?

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35
Q

What problems might the link between Hinduism and the state cause for non-Hindus?

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36
Q

Accordign to Redding, what are the similarities between post-Confucian values and the Calvinist values that encouraged capitalism in Europe?

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37
Q

Aaccording to Berger, in what way are Pentecostal beliefs similar to Weber’s Protestant Ethic?

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38
Q

Using the example of Northern Brazil, explain why successful development relies on more than just Pentecostal beliefs.

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39
Q

Briefly explain how Pentecostalism embraces both global and local elements.

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