Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

GCSE PRC Full Course > RELIGION, CRIME AND PUNISHMENT > Flashcards

RELIGION, CRIME AND PUNISHMENT Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
GCSE Religious Studies - Edexcel Route A flashcards GCSE Religious Studies - Eduqas Route A flashcards GCSE Geography - AQA flashcards GCSE Religious Studies - Edexcel Route B flashcards GCSE Religious Studies - Eduqas Route B flashcards
1
Q

What is justice?

A

The belief in what is right and fair.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is a sin?

A

An acts which goes against God’s will. Religious offence.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is your conscious?

A

The voice in our heads that tells us right from wrong.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is morality?

A

A person’s or religion’s belief of what is right and wrong in behaviour and action.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are the different types of crime?

A

Crimes against:
The person eg murder
Property eg burglary
The state eg terrorism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are causes of crime?

A 
Upbringing 
Mental illness 
Poverty 
Addiction 
Greed/hate 
Opposition to existing laws.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What do Christians think about the origins of evil?

A

Evil is the abuse of the free will God gave us, allowing us to chose right from wrong.
In order to be able to see and appreciate God, evil has to exist.
Most Christians believe in a figure called the devil or Satan, an evil power, though less powerful than God. This devil tries to temp and encourage humans to behave badly.
So, evil is a combination of internal and external factors.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What do Buddhists think about the origins of evil?

A

You cannot have good without evil.
An act itself is not good or evil, the impact it has makes it one or the other.
Three Poisons: greed, anger and ignorance motivate people to be evil.
Every person is subject to these, it is how they manage their thoughts and intentions that cause the impact. We are each responsible for our own actions and their consequences ie behaving skilfully or unskilfully.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are some of the aims of punishment?

A

Protection - when someone is locked up in prison they cannot cause harm in society.
Vindication - punishments justify the existence of laws.
Reparation - the criminal case ‘repair the damage done’.
Compensation - the criminal pays back something.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is deference?

A

Punishments deter the criminal from doing the crime again. It also degrees other people from committing crimes.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is retribution?

A

The idea that the punishment should fit the crime, almost to the point where it can be seen as taking revenge. Eg The Death Penalty.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is reformation?

A

When punishments are given in order to change the behaviour of the criminal. This will allow them to be safely put back into society, having seen the error of their ways. This can be through harsh punishments or through education and rehabilitation.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Buddhist attitudes towards crime and punishment?

A

Buddhist believe that not to murder because ‘I don’t want a life in prison’ is the wrong mindset. Instead, they need to learn to not do things because they are wrong or hurtful to others, namely Right Intention.
Some Buddhist values are upheld by the law. Eg. Y punishing thieves ‘not taken what is freely given’ is upheld. However, not all punishments are carried out according to teachings of Compassion and The Noble Eightfold Path.
The law enforcers rules and punishes when rules are broken.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What are Christian attitudes towards crime and punishment?

A

Punishments allow criminals to be reformed and rejoin society as good citizens. There can be conflict between severe punishments and the Christian belief in help, love and reform.
Some Christians want more of an emphasis on justice based on the ‘eye for an eye’ teaching from The Bible.
The law has responsibility to punish and care for the criminal while trying to reform them.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is repentance?

A

Being truly sorry for what you have done.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Why might Buddhist forgive?

A

Because it practices compassion and Right Understanding.

17
Q

Why might Christians forgive?

A

Jesus said we should forgive “not seven times but seventy seven times”.

18
Q

What is prison?

A

Deprivation of liberties as a legal punishment.

19
Q

What aims does prison fulfil?

A

Protection - keeps society safe.
Deterrence - prison itself should deter the criminal and possible criminals.
Retribution - lengths of sentence fits the crime committed.
Reformation - work is done in prison that changes criminals for the better.
Reparation - the criminal might be be encouraged to meet their victim and make up for what they have done.
Vindication - sentences are lengthy for serious criminals so that the law is respected.

20
Q

What are some concerns about prison?

A

The conditions in which the criminals are kept in are not conductive to reform.
There is debate over which crimes should result in prison.
How can putting bad people with bad people reform them?
Most prisoners reoffend, so prisons are not effective, but they are costly.
Crime carries on in prison: drug use, gangs, assaults, violence, threats.
Separation from families, detachment from society, readjustment on release are all the source of problems.

21
Q

What is community service?

A

Doing unpaid work for the community as a legal punishment.

22
Q

What aims does community service fulfil?

A

Reformation - a positive change can come about in the criminal through a positive contribution to society.
Deterrence - the orange jackets make people highly visible when on community service and they do not want to be see. Doing this again.
Retribution - the project matches the crime eg graffiti clean up. Society is getting them back.

23
Q

What are some concerns about community service?

A

There are not enough projects available, not many suited to the crimes committed, so it is not helpful.
It is seen as too soft an option and often does not bring reform.
Monitoring and management is often poor, so those sentenced to community service do not compete hours or are badly behaved, without any punishment or reprisal.

24
Q

What is corporal punishment?

A

Inflicting physical pain as a legal pain.

Eg whipping.

25
Q

What are Buddhist teachings about corporal punishment?

A

Crimes come from intention which needs to be targeted, but CP does not deal with this.
CP is not a loving action and breaks the first precept.

26
Q

What are Christian teachings about corporal punishment?

A

“An eye for an eye”

“You heard it said, an eye for an eye…I say if someone hits you offer the other cheek”.

27
Q

How many countries is the death penalty legal in?

A

85 - 21 use it regularly.

Since 2000, approximately 1000 people per year worldwide have been recorded as executed by their government

28
Q

What are arguments that support the death penalty?

A

An “eye for an eye, life for life”
Deterrence
Justice for the victims
Life sentence doesn’t really mean the whole life, offenders walk free after a few years.
Terrorists murder indiscriminately, they cannot be reformed.
It is a waste of resources housing criminals for their entire lives.
It demonstrates that society will not tolerate some crimes.

29
Q

What are some arguments against capital punishment?

A

Retribution is uncivilised - two wrongs don’t make a right.
Most murder are ‘spur of the moment’, so capital punishment does not deter.
Killing the murderer does not end the pain of loss of this victim’s family.
Executing terrorists would make them martyrs.
Innocent people can be executed after an unfair trial.
All life is sacred, including that of murderers.
It is inhumane and degrading to put anyone through the mental torture of death row.

30
Q

What are Buddhist beliefs about capital punishment?

A

Buddhists do not agree with punishments that are unduly severe, and the death penalty is.
The death penalty goes against loving-kindness (metta) and compassion (karuna).
The First Precept is about not taking life.
The death penalty is a form of revenge, so comes from bad intentions (Three Poisons).

31
Q

What are some Christian beliefs about capital punishment?

A

“An eye for an eye”
“Do not kill”
“God gives life and takes life away”
Capital punishment would deny the sanctity of life - all life is sacred.

32
Q

What is capital punishment?

A

The death penalty administrated officially by the state as punishment for certain crimes.

GCSE PRC Full Course (27 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions