Relevant Treatments Flashcards
absence seizures
ethosuximide
acute gout attack
NSAIDs, colchicine, glucocorticoids
acute promyelocytic leukemia (M3)
all-trans retinoic acid
ADHD
methylphenidate, CBT, atomoxetine, guanfacine, clonidine
alcoholism
disulfram, acamprostate, naltrexone, supportive care
alcohol withdrawl
long-acting benzodiazepines (chlordiazepoxide, lorazepam, diazepam)
anorexia
nutrition, psychotherapy, mirtazapine
arrhythmia in damaged cardiac tissue
class IB antiarrhythmic (lidocaine, mexiletine)
benign prostatic hyperplasia
alpha-antagonists, 5alpha-reductase inhibitors, PDE-5 inhibitors
bipolar d/o
mood stabilizers (lithium, valproic acid, carbamazepine), atypical antipsychotics
breast cancer in postmeno women
aromatase inhibitor (anastrozole)
buerger disease
smoking cessation
bulimia nervosa
SSRIs
candida albicans
vaginitis: topical azoles
oral/esophageal: nystatin, fluconazole, caspofungin
systemic: fluconazole, capsofungin, amphotericin B
carcinoid cyndrome
octreotide
chlamydia trachomatis
doxycycline (+ceftriaxone for gonorrhea coinfection)
erythromycin eye drops (prophylaxis in infants)
chronic gout
xanthine oxidase inhibitors (allopurinol)
pegloticase, probenecid
chronic hep B or C
IFN-alpha
ribavirin, simeprevir, sofosbuvir (HCV)
chronic myelogenous leukemia
imatinib
clostridium botulinum
antitoxin
clostridium difficile
oral metronidazole
clostridium tetani
antitoxin
CMV
ganciclovir, foscarnet, cidofovir
crohn disease
corticosteroids, infliximab, azathioprine
cryptococcus neoformans
fluconazole (in AIDS patients)
amphotericin B
cyclophosphamide-induced hemorrhagic cystitis
mensa
depression
SSRIs (first line)
diabetes insipidus
central: desmopressin
nephrogenic: hydrochlorothiazide, indomethacin, amiloride
DM type 1
diet + insulin replacement
DM type 2
diet + oral hypoglycemics, insulin
DKA
fluids, insulin, K+
drug of choice for anticoagulation during pregnancy
heparin
enterococci
vancomycin (or linezolid), aminopenicillins/cephalosporins
erectile dysfunction
sildenafil, tadalafil, vardenafil
ER + breast cancer
tamoxifen
ethylene glycol/methanol intoxication
fomepizole (alcohol dehydrogenase inhibitor)
ethanol if youre way poor
haemophilus influenza B
prophylaxis: rifampin
get the vaccine dude
generalized anxiety d/o
SSRIs (1st line), SNRIs, buspirone
granulomatosis w/ polyangiitis (Wegeners)
cyclophosphamide
corticosteroids
heparin reversal
protamine sulfate
HER2/neu + breast cancer
trastuzumab
hyperaldosteronism
spironolactone
ketoconazole?
hypercholesterolemia
statin (1st line)
hypertriglyceridemia
fibrate
niacin
immediate anticoagulation
heparin
infertility
leuprolide
GnRH (pulsatile)
clomiphene
influenza
oseltamivir, zanamivir
kawasaki disease
ASA, IVIG
legionella pneumophila
macrolides (azithromycin)
fluoroquinolones
long term anticoagulation
warfarin, dabigatran, rivaroxaban, apixaban
malaria
blood shizont: chloroquine, mefloquine, atovaquone/proguanil
hypnozoites: primaquine
malignant hyperthermia
dantrolene (1st line)
bromocriptine
medical abortion
mifepristone
migraine
abortive therapies (sumatriptan, NSAIDs) prophylaxis (propranolol, topiramate, CCBs, amitriptyline)
multiple sclerosis
disease modifying therapies (beta IFN, natalizumab)
IV steroids for acute flares
spasticity (baclofen, tizanidine)
mycobacterium tuberculosis
rifampin
isoniazid
pyrazinamide
ethambutol
neisseria gonorrhoeae
ceftriaxone (+ doxy for chlamydia concurrent infection)
neisseria meningitidis
penicillin/ceftriaxone
rifampin (prophylaxis)
neural tube defect prevention
prenatal folic acid
osteomalacia/rickets
vitamin D
osteoporosis
Ca/Vit D (prophylaxis)
bisphosphonates, PTH analogs, SERMS, calcitonin, denosumab
patent ductus arteriosus
close w/ indomethacin
keep open w/ PGE analogs
pheochromocytoma
phenoxybenzamine (alpha-antagonists)
pneumocystis jirovevii
TMP-SMX
prolactinoma
cabergoline/bromocriptine (dopamine agonists)
prostate adenocarcinoma/ uterine fibroids
leuprolide
GnRH (continuous)
prostate adenocarcinoma
flutamide
pseudomonas aeruginosa
antipseudomonal penicillins
aminoglycosides
carbapenems
pulmonary arterial HTN (idiopathic)
siildenafil
bosentan
epoprostenol
rickettsia rickettsii
doxycycline
chloramphenicol
schizophrenia (negative sx)
atypical antipsychotics
schizophrenia (positive sx)
typical and atypical antipsychotics
SIADH
fluid restriction, IV hypertonic saline, conivaptan/tolvaptan, demeclocycline
sickle cell dz
hydroxyurea (increases HbF)
sporothrix schenckii
itraconazole, oral K iodide
stable angina
sublingual nitroglycerin
staph aureus
nafcillin, oxacillin, dicloxacillin
MRSA: vancomycin, daptomycin, linezolid, ceftaroline
streptococcus bovis
penicillin prophylaxis, check for colon CA
streptococcus pneumoniae
penicillin/cephalosporin (systemic infection, pneumonia)
vancomycin (meningitis)
streptococcus pyogenes
penicillin prophylaxis
temporal arteritis
high dose steroids
tonic-clonic seizures
levetiracetam
phenytoin
valproate
carbamazepine
toxoplasma gondii
sulfadiazine + pyrimethamine
treponema pallidum
penicillin
trichomonas vaginalis
metronidazole (patient and partner)
trigeminal neuralgia (tic douloureux)
carbamazepine (1st)
baclofen, valproic acid (next)
ulcerative colitis
5-ASA preparations (mesalamine)
6-mercaptopurine, infliximab, colectomy
UTI prophylaxis
TMP-SMX
warfarin reversal
FFP (acute) vit K (non-acute)
status epilepticus
IV benzos (lorazepam)
sustained arrhythmias post MI
1st line: amiodorone
2nd: lidocaine
prevent gynecomastia in androgen-deprivation-therapy pts
SERMs (tamoxifen)
delirium: old folks
haloperidol
delirium: EtOH/benzo withdrawl
benzos
otitis media
amoxicillin
amox/clavulaunic acid
cephalosporins
postprandial hyperglycemia
lispro
aspart
glulisine
TCA cardiotox
sodium bicarb (more basic serum – neutralizes TCA, increases extracellular sodium to overcome competitive inhibition)
heparin induced thrombocytopenia
direct thrombin inhibitors
cause ototoxicity
loops aminoglycosides salicylates cisplatin streptomycin vancomycin
prevention of coronary artery thrombosis
ASA
prevention of ischemic strokes
ASA
prevention of DVTs/PEs
heparin
CYP450 inducers
carbamazepine phenobarbital phenytoin rifampin modafinil griseofulvin St. johns wort cyclophosphamide
CYP450 inhibitors
CRACK AMIGOS ciprofloxacin ritonavir amiodarone cimetidine ketoconazole acute alcohol use macrolides isoniazid grapefruit juice omeprazole sulfonamides
postherpetic neuralgia
TCAs
anticonvulsants (Gabapentin)
lidocaine patches
capsaicin
avoid myelosuppression w/ methotrexate
leucovorin (folinic acid - reduced form of folic acid that doesn’t need DHF-reductase)
tx to prevent vasospasm post subarachnoid hemorrhage
nimodipine
cyanide poisoning
amyl nitrates
narcolepsy
milodifil
serotonin syndrome
cyproheptadine
hypertensive crisis (MAO-Is and tyramine)
phentolamine
drug given during angioplasty in pts w/ ACS
abciximab
tx hypocalcemia after complete thyroidectomy
calcitriol (not calcidiol which needs PTH)
acute intermittent porphyria
glucose or hemin (inhibits ALA synthase activity)
urge incontinence
antimuscarinics (M3)
drug-induced parkinsonism (EPS)
anticholinergics (benzotropine, trihexyphenidyl)
nausea from chemotherapy
ondansetron
treatment resistant schizo
clozapine
essential tremor
propranolol
Wilson dz
D-penicillamine
benzos with liver problems
lorazepam
oxazepam
temazepam
counteract theophylline
beta blockers
CGD
prophylactic: TMP-SMX, itraconozole
IFN-gamma
cystinuria
acetazolamide
decrease aqueous humor synthesis
epi (alpha-1)
brimonidine (alpha-2)
timolol, betaxolol, carteolol
acetazolamide
increase outflow of aqueous humor
pilocarpine, carbachol
physostigmine, echothiophate
bimatoprost, latanoprost
ALS
riluzole (decrease glutamate excitotoxicity)
Huntington
tetrabenazine/resperidine (inhibit VMAT, decrease dopamine release)
haloperidol (D2R antagonist)
SLE
steroids
NSAIDs
hydroxychloroquine
cyclophosphamide
fibromyalgia
FDA: pregabalin, milnacipran (SNRI)
traditional: amitriptyline, fluoxetine
cellulitis
non-MRSA: dicloxacillin, cephalexin
MRSA: TMP-SMX, clindamycin