Key Associations Flashcards by Cristina Resczenski

HLA-DR2

MS
SLE
Goodpastures

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HLA-DQ2

celiac sprue

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HLA-DR5

Hashimoto’s thyroiditis

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actinic keratosis

precursor to squamous cell carcinoma

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acute gastric ulcer a/w CNS injury

cushing ulcer

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acute gastric ulcer a/w severe burns

curling ulcer

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ALL age ranges

kids

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CLL age ranges

adult > 60

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AML age ranges

~65

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CML age ranges

45-85

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alternating areas of transmural inflammation and normal colon

skip lesions (crohn)

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aortic aneurysm, abdominal

atherosclerosis

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aortic aneurysm, ascending or arch

tertiary syph (vasa vasorum destruction)

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aortic aneurysm, thoracic

marfan synd (cystic medial degen)

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aortic dissection

HTN

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atrophy of the mammillary bodies

Wernicke encephalopathy (thiamine def –> ataxia, opthalmoplegia, confusion)

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autosplenectomy (fibrosis and shrinkage)

sickle cell dz

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bacterial meningitis (adults and elderly)

S. pneumoniae

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bact meningitis (newborns and kids)

newborns: group B strep, E. coli

kids/teens: S. pneumo/N. meningitidis

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bilateral ovarian mets from gastric carcinoma

Krukenberg tumor (mucin-secreting signet ring cells)

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bleeding d/o w/ GpIIb def

Bernard-Soulier synd (defect in platelet adhesion to vWF)

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brain tumors (adults)

supratentorial: mets, astrocytoma (including glioblastoma), meningioma, schwannoma

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brain tumors (kids)

infratentorial: medulloblastoma (cerebellum)
supratentorial: craniopharyngioma

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breast cancer

invasive ductal carcinoma

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breast mass

fibrocystic change, carcinoma (post-meno)

breast tumor (benign, young woman)

fibroadenoma

cardiac primary tumor (kids)

rhabdomyoma (often seen in tuberous sclerosis)

cardiac manifestation of lupus

marantic/thrombotic endocarditis (libbman saks?)

cardiac tumor (adults)

mets, myxoma (90% in LA)

cerebellar tonsilar herniation

chiari II malformation

chronic arrhythmia

a fib (a/w high risk of embolism)

chronic atrophic gastritis (autoimmune)

predisposition to gastric carcinoma (can also cause pernicious anemia)

clear cell adenocarcinoma of the vagina

DES exposure in utero

congenital adrenal hyperplasia, hTN

21-hydroxylase deficincy

congenital cardiac anomaly

VSD

constrictive pericarditis

TB (developing world); idio viral illness (developed world)

coronary artery involved in thrombosis

LAD > RCA > circumflex

cretinism

iodine def/congenital hypothyroidism

cushing synd

iatrogenic (corticosteroid therapy) adrenocortical adenoma (secretes excess cortisol) ACTH-secreting pit adenoma (cushing) paraneoplastic (ACTH secretion by tumors)

cyanosis (early, less common)

tetralogy of fallot, transposition of great vessels, truncus arteriosus

death in CML

blast crisis

death in SLE

lupus nephropathy

dementia

AD, vascular dementia

demyelinating dz in young women

DIC

sepsis, OB complications, CA, burns, trauma, surgery, acute panc, APL

diverticulum in pharynx

zenker diverticulum

ejection click

aortic stenosis

esophageal CA

squamous cell (worldwide); adenocarcinoma (US)

food poisoning (exotoxin mediated)

S. aureus | B. .cereus

gastric cancer

adenocarcinoma

glomerulonephritis (adults)

Berger dz (IgA nephropathy)

gynecologic malignancy

endometrial carcinoma (US); cervical carcinoma (world)

heart murmur, congenital

MVP

heart valve in bact endocarditis

mitral > aortic (rheumatic), tricuspid (IVDA)

helminth infection (US)

enterobius vermicularis, ascaris lumbricoides

hematoma - epidural

rupture of MMA (trauma, lens shape)

hematoma - subdural

rupture of bridging veins (crescent shaped)

hemochromatosis

multiple blood transfusions or hereditary HFE mutation (can result in HF, bronze diabetes, and increased risk of hepatocellular carcinoma)

hepatocellular carcinoma

cirrhotic liver (a/e hep B/C and alcoholism)

hereditary bleeding d/o

v Willebrand dz

hereditary harmless jaundice

Gilbert (benign congenital uncong bilirubin)

HLA-B27

psoriatic arthritis ankylosing spondylitis IBD-associated arthritis reactive arthritis (Reiter)

HLA-DR3

``` DM type 1 SLE Graves dz Hashimoto thyroiditis Addison ```

HLA-DR4

DM type 1 RA Addison

holosystolic murmur

VSD tri regurg mitral regurg

hypercoagulability, endothelial damage, blood stasis

Virchow triad (up risk of thrombosis)

HTN, secondary

renal artery stenosis chronic kidney dz hyperaldosteronism

hypoparathyroidism

accidental excision during thyroidectomy

hypopituitarism

pituitary adenoma (usually benign tumor)

infection secondary to blood transfusion

hep C

infections in CGD

s. aureus E. coli aspergillus (catalase +)

intellectual disability

down | fragile X

kidney stones

``` Ca = radiopaque struvite = radiopaque (klebsiella, proteus, saprocyticus) ```