Regulation of GI Function

Question 1

Enteric Nervous System can be divided into two sets of nerves

Answer 1

myenteric nerves and subucosal nerves

Question 2

Release of GLP-1 is an example of which type of signaling?

Answer 2

Endocrine

GLP-1 is secreted into blood via enterocytes

Question 3

Function of GLP-1

Answer 3

Promotes release of insulin from pancreas
Inhibits gastric emptying of food into duodenum
Inhibits food intake
Inhibits HCl production in the stomach

Question 4

Somatostatin is an example of which type of signaling?

Answer 4

Paracrine, Endocrine and Neurocrine

Question 5

Somatostatin is produced by what cells?

Answer 5

D-cells found in small intestine and stomach

Question 6

Function of somatostatin

Answer 6

Inhibits gastrin release from G-cells
Inhibits insulin release from beta-cells of pancreas
nb: Somatostatin acts locally due to [ ] gradient, never gets high enough to effect far away cells

Question 7

Histamine is an example of which type of signaling?

Answer 7

Autocrine and Paracrine

Question 8

Mechanism and role of Histamine

Answer 8

Gastrin stimulates release of Histamine in ECL cell
Histamine acts on own ECL cell via H3 receptor to inhibit release of histamine
nb: histamine also promotes release of H+ from parietal cells