Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal Endocrine System

Question 1

Two types of tissue that are contained in the pituitary

Answer 1

Neural: Posterior Pituitary
Epithelial: Anterior Pituitary

Question 2

Posterior Pituitary is derived from what structure?

Answer 2

Derived from downgrowth of diencephalon called infundibulum

Question 3

Anterior Pituitary is derived from what structure?

Answer 3

Derived from Rathke’s pouch of oral ectoderm

Question 4

Neurohypophysis contains which 2 cell bodies?

Answer 4

Supraoptic Nucleus and Paraventricular Nucleus

Question 5

In which artery do contents of the posterior pituitary leave?

Answer 5

Inferior Hypophyseal Artery

Question 6

Cleavage of prohormones of the posterior pituitary occurs in which strucuture?

Answer 6

Infudibular Stalk

Question 7

Lesion at the hypothalamus resulting in reduced production of a hormone is what type of lesion?

Answer 7

Tertiary (3rd Degree)

Question 8

Lesion at the anterior pituitary resulting in reduced production of a hormone is what type of lesion?

Answer 8

Secondary (2nd Degree)

Question 9

Lesion at the organ/gland resulting in reduced production of a hormone is what type of lesion?

Answer 9

Primary (1st Degree)

Question 10

Products of the hypothalamus enter which system to descend to anterior pituitary?

Answer 10

Hypothalamo-hypophyseal portal system

Question 11

ACTH binds to what receptor in which organ

Answer 11

ACTH binds to MC-2R in Adrenal Cortex (Z. Fasiculata) to cause release of Cortisol

Question 12

High levels of which product of the anterior pituitary can bind to which receptor to cause skin darkening?

Answer 12

ACTH can bind to MC-1R

Question 13

What is the only hormone produced at the anterior pituitary that does not function wihtin the context of an endocrine axis?

Answer 13

Prolactin

nb: normally inhibited by dopamine