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OS3 > Digestion > Flashcards

Digestion Flashcards

1
Q

Passage of Lipids after absorption

A

Lipids go through Thoracic duct to SVC

Lipids bypass the liver

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2
Q

Which cells make serotonin

A

Enteroendocrine cells

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3
Q

Endocrine Hormones

A 
Gastrin
Cholecystokinin
Secretin
GLP-1
Gastric Inhibitory Peptide
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4
Q

Gastric Inhibitory Peptide is made by which cell?

A

K Cells

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5
Q

Secretin is made by which cell?

A

S Cells

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6
Q

Cholecystokinin is made by which cell?

A

I Cells

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7
Q

Gastrin is made by which cell?

A

G Cells

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8
Q

Gastrin most concentrated in which region of the GI tract?

A

Antrum of stomach, tapers down into jejunum

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9
Q

Carbohydrates that are not digested

A

Ceullose and Alpha 1,6 in amylopectin

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10
Q

Function of alpha amylase

A

cleaves alpha 1,4 glycosidic bonds

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11
Q

What does SLGT-1 transport and how

A

Transports everything except frutose into cell using Na/K ATPase
100% uptake of glucose into the cell

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12
Q

How does fructose get into the cell?

A

GLUT-5

Not active transport

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13
Q

How do sugars get into the blood?

A

GLUT2

Not active transport, driven by concentration gradient

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14
Q

Differences of “brown starches”

A

Takes longer for brown starch to get absorbed

Glucose does not enter the blood as quickly

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15
Q

What is the glycemic index?

A

How quickly and completely CHO are absorbed and digested

i.e. how quick is the rise in blood sugar after ingestion

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16
Q

Which sugar has the lowest glycemic index?

A

Sucrose

17
Q

How much digestion of proteins occurs in the oral cavity

A

ZERO

18
Q

What initiates protein digestion in the stomach?

A

Acidic pH and presence of pepsin

19
Q

Protein absorption is limited to which portion of the digestive tract?

A

Small intestine

20
Q

Proteins are broken down to bi/tripeptides via which enyme?

A

Peptidase

21
Q

Mechanism of import of amino acids into enterocytes

A

Symport of amino acids with both Na+ and H+

nb: presences of Na+/H+ exchanger (H+ out, Na+ in)

22
Q

Which amino acids is used to make ATP at the brush border of enterocytes

A

Glutamine

23
Q

During a fast, what happens to enterocyte volume and mucosal level after a feeding?

A

Mucosa level increases

Volume increases

24
Q

What is the reason for villus tips in the small bowel?

A

Allows for recirculation of Na+ for adequate AA absorption.

nb: villus tips do not increase surface area
nb: structure of villus promotes low Po2 in tip leading to ischemia

OS3 (24 decks)

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