Male Reproductive Organ Flashcards
Lineage of spermatogenesis
Spermatogonia (2N) –>1 Spermatocyte (2N) –> 2 Spermatocyte (N x 2) –> Spermatid (N x 4) –> Spermatazoa (N x 4)
What cell is critical for producing the blood testis barrier?
Sertoli Cells
What is the phagocytic role of Sertoli Cells?
Phagocytose dead sperm and residual bodies
What is the development role of sertoli cells?
Produce anti-mulherian hormone
Produce CYP26B1 to degrade retinoic acid
What is the exocrine role of sertoli cells?
Produce androgen binding protein (ABP) to bind to testosterone to keep Testosterone levels high
What is the metabolism of sertoli cells?
Use GLUT1 and release lactate
Leydig cells express what unique enzyme?
17(Beta)HSD
Two potential conversions of testosterone?
T to DHT via 5 (alpha) Reductase
T to E2 via CYP19 (Aromatase)
Properties of DHT
DHT is preferred androgen in prostate
nb: 5 alpha reductase inhibitors used to reduce BPH
DHT and Testosterone may recruit different Co-Regulatory Proteins
Mechanism for maintaining high intracellular testosterone levels within Sertoli Cells?
Production of Androgen Binding Protein (ABP) by sertolie cells.
What products feedback to inhibit the hypothalamus/pituitary in the GnRH pathway?
E2 and some DHT inhibit BOTH AP and Hypothalamus
Inhibin B from Sertoli Cells inhibits only FSH production at AP
Relationship between GnRH and Receptor?
When GnRH binds to receptor, the receptor gets internalized
potential mechanism for pulsatile nature of GnRH release
Products of Seminal Vessicle?
Fructose and Sematogelins
Products of Prostate
PSA, Citric Acid, fibrinolysin like protease
Which structure of the sperm is loaded with mitochondria?
The midpiece
