REGENERATION IN THE MATURE NS Flashcards
WHAT IS UNDERSTANDING REGENERATION IMPORTANT FOR
SPINAL CORD INJURY
TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURY
STROKE
NEURODEGENERATIVE DISEASE
THE CELLS THAT SET UP THE NS ALSO PRODUCE OLIGODENDROCYTES THAT GO ONTO FORM SCHWANN CELLS ALONG WHAT KIND OF AXONS
MYELINATED
IF A CUT OR CRUSH OCCURS NEAR THE CELL BODY OF A PERIPHERAL NEURON WHAT HAPPENS TO THE CELL
IT DIES
WHAT HAPPENS TO THE CELL IF A CUT OR CRUSH FURTHER DOWN THE AXON
THE CELL BODY REORGANISES TO RE EXPRESS IMMATURE FEATURES OF DEVELOPMENT AND MAY GET SOME CASES OF REGENERATION
WHAT HAPPENS IF CUTS AND CRUSHES OCCUR NEAR THE DISTAL AXONS
WALLERIAN DEGENERATION
WHAT ARE THE EFFECTS ON MUSCLE OF NERVE DAMAGE
MUSCLE ATROPHY CAUSES AS SITE OF DAMAGE DEGENERATES
REGENERATION WILL CAUSE REGROWTH OF MUSCLE FIBRES
IN WHAT CASE WILL MUSCLE ATROPHY NOT OCCUR
EXTERNAL ELECTRICAL INPUT
WHAT DOES REGENERATION OF PERIPHERAL NERVES INVOLVE
- MITOSIS OF SCHWANN CELLS (SUPPLY GF)
- FORMATION OF BANDS OF BUNGNER (ROWS OF SCHWANN CELLS TO GUIDE AXONS)
- REGROWTH ALONG DIVIDING SCHWANN CELLS
- SPROUTING
WHAH DOES REGENERATION OF NERVES IN THE CNS INVOLVE
- SPROUTING FOLLOWED BY FAILED REGENERATION AND DEGENERATION
- CYSTS AND GLIAL SCARS FORM
- RECOVERY OF CONNECTIONS DIFFICULT
WHAT ARE REGENERATION/RECOVERY OF NERVES SO DIFFERENT IN CNS AND PNS
OLIGODENDROCYTES IN THE CNS SO NOT POSSESS THE SAME PROPERTIES
IN WHAT WAYS DO OLIGODENDROCYTES IN THE CNS NOT HAVE THE SAME PROPERTIES AS IN THE PNS
OLIGODENDROCYTES IN CNS PROLIFERATE UPON DAMAGE BUT ARE INHIBITORY TO REPAIR
THERE IS INHIBITORY MYELIN IN THE CNS OLIGODENDROCYTES
NOGO-A IN AN INHIBITORY PROTEIN
IN VITRO, WHAT HAPPENS WHEN CNS NEURONS ENCOUNTER OLIGODENDROCYTES
CNS NEURONS AVOID OLIGODENDROCYTES
WHAT IMPROVES REGENERATION IN THE SPINAL CORD
ANTI NOGO
WHAT ARE SOME OF THE REPAIR STRATEGIES IN THE CNS
SPINAL CORD BRIDGES
WHAT ARE SPINAL CORD BRIDGES
BIOLOGICAL AND ARTIFICIAL BRIDGES MAY BE USED FILLED WITH GF, ECM , SYNTHETIC MATRIX
GIVE AN EXAMPLE OF A PART OF THE CNS THAT DOES REGENERATE
THE EYE
PIGMENTED …………….. AND SENSORY NEURONS IN THE RETINA DERIVE FROM THE NEURAL ………………………….. - IS DEVELOPMENTALLY PART OF THE ………………
RETINA
ECTODERM
CNS
THE INNER LAYER OF THE OPTIC ……….. CONTAINS A …………… CELL LIKE POPULATION WHICH CAN EITHER SELF RENEW OR GIVE RISE TO DIVERSE ……………………. CELLS, INTERNEURONS OR LIGHT SENSITIVE ………………….. CELL IN THE NEURAL RETINA.
CUP
STEM
GANGLION
PHOTORECEPTOR
LENS DERIVED FROM THE SURFACE ………………… INTO A ……………… THAT INVAGINATES AND SITS IN THE …………….. CUP
ECTODERM
PLACODE
OPTIC
RETINAL STEM ……………… ARE REFERRED TO AS …………………
THESE …………. AND SOME MIGRATE AWAY TO BECOME ………………. CELLS. THE LAYER ARRAY OF NEURONS COME FORM PHASES OF ……………………… FATES.
CELLS NEUROBLASTS DIVIDE GANGLION DIFFERENTIAL
WHAT ARE THE LAYERS OF THHE RETINA
LIGHT OPTIC NERVE FIBRES GANGLION CELL LAYER INNER PLEXIFORM LAYER BIPOLAR NERVE LAYER OUTER PLEXIFORM LAYER CELL BODIES OF PHOTORECEPTORS RODS AND CONES OF PHOTORECEPTORS
WHAT DO THE OUTER LAYERS OF THE OPTIC CUP CONTAINS
STEM AND PRGENITOR CELLS THAT GIVE RISE TO THE RETINAL PIGMENT EPITHELIUM
AT THE POTENTIAL POINT THAT THE STEM AND PROGENITOR CELLS OF THE OUTER OPTIC CUP ARE DEPLETED/STOP PRODUCING, WHAT OCCURS
MACULAR DEGENERATIVE DISEASE
THE LENS CONTAINS A THIRD STEM CELL ………………… THAT CAN CONTINUALLY GIVE RISE TO …………………….. LENS CELLS. DEPLETION OF THESES STEM CELLS CAUSES ……………………
POPULATION
SPECIALISED
CATARACTS
