Reflex Arcs

Question 1

What happens in a reflex arc?

Answer 1

a sensory neuron picks up a stimulus and transmits it to the CNS, which then communicates to motor neurons to affect muscles or glands

Question 2

What is a reflex?

Answer 2

an automatic response to stimuli within or outside of the body

Question 3

What do reflexes do?

Answer 3

they maintain homeostasis by controlling many involuntary processes such as heart rate, breathing rate, blood pressure, sneezing. coughing, and vomiting

Question 4

What is withdrawal reflex?

Answer 4

the autonomic response to move your body away from something that causes pain as quickly as possible

Question 5

What are some examples of withdrawal reflex?

Answer 5

moving your hand away after touching something hot, not putting pressure on your foot after stepping on something sharp

Question 6

What are the 5 types of receptors?

Answer 6

chemoreceptors, pain receptors, thermoreceptors, mechanoreceptors, and photoreceptors

Question 7

What stimulates a chemoreceptor?

Answer 7

a change in chemical concentration

Question 8

What’s an example of a chemoreceptor?

Answer 8

your tastebuds

Question 9

What stimulates a pain receptor?

Answer 9

tissue damage

Question 10

What’s an example of a pain receptor?

Answer 10

the nervous system

Question 11

What stimulates a thermoreceptor?

Answer 11

change in temperature

Question 12

What’s an example of a thermoreceptor?

Answer 12

your skin

Question 13

What stimulates a mechanoreceptor?

Answer 13

changes in pressure and movement

Question 14

What’s an example of a mechanoreceptor?

Answer 14

muscles and joints

Question 15

What stimulates a photoreceptor?

Answer 15

light energy

Question 16

What’s an example of a photoreceptor?

Answer 16

your eyes

Question 17

When does sensation occur?

Answer 17

when the brain becomes aware of sensory impulses

Question 18

When does perception occur?

Answer 18

when the brain interprets the sensory impulses

Question 19

What happens during projection?

Answer 19

when a sensation forms, the cerebral cortex causes the feeling to seem to come from the stimulated receptors - the brain projects the sensation back to its apparent source

Question 20

What does projection allow people to do?

Answer 20

pinpoint the region of stimulation (eyes see, ears hear)

Question 21

What is sensory adaptation?

Answer 21

the ability to tune out unimportant stimuli

Question 22

Where are free nerve endings found?

Answer 22

in epithelial cells

Question 23

What are free nerve endings responsible for?

Answer 23

itching sensations

Question 24

Where are tactile corpuscles found?

Answer 24

hairlines, lips, palms, soles, nipples, and genitals

Question 25

What are tactile corpuscles responsible for?

Answer 25

interpreting things that lightly touch the skin

Question 26

Where are lamellated corpuscles found?

Answer 26

dermal tissue, tendons, and ligaments

Question 27

What are lamellated corpuscles responsible for?

Answer 27

responding to heavy/deep pressure

Question 28

What can temperature senses be broken down into?

Answer 28

warm receptors and cold receptors

Question 29

What temperatures are warm receptors most sensitive to?

Answer 29

temperatures above 77°F

Question 30

What temperatures cause warm receptors to become unresponsive?

Answer 30

temperatures above 113°F

Question 31

What temperatures are cold receptors most sensitive to?

Answer 31

temperatures between 50°F and 68°F

Question 32

What temperatures make cold receptors send out pain responses?

Answer 32

temperatures below 10°F

Question 33

Where is the sense of pain distributed?

Answer 33

throughout the skin and internal tissues

Question 34

How do pain receptors protect the body?

Answer 34

they cause us to act and avoid the dangerous activity that causes pain

Question 35

What are acute pain fibers?

Answer 35

myelinated nerve fibers that transmit pain stimuli rapidly and are associated with sharp pain

Question 36

What are chronic nerve fibers?

Answer 36

unmyelinated nerve fibers that transmit pain stimuli slowly and are associated with dull, aching pain