Passive and Active Mechanisms Flashcards
what is passive transport?
passive transport moves things from one place to another based on concentration without the usage of ATP
is equilibrium reached in passive or active transport?
equilibrium is reached in passive transport
what is active transport?
active transport moves objects across a membrane based on concentration, uses specific carrier molecules, and moves particles from low to high, which is why ATP is required
what is simple diffusion?
a type of passive mechanism in which molecules or ions spread spontaneously from regions with higher concentration to areas with lower concentration, and it can only occur if the cell membrane is permeable and a concentration gradient exists
what is the difference in concentration called?
the concentration gradient
what is facilitated diffusion?
a type of passive mechanism that occurs when substances are unable to pass through the lipid bilayer and need the assistance of membrane proteins, only works if there is a concentration gradient
what is osmosis?
a type of passive mechanism that deals with the movement of water from an area of high water concentration to an area of low water concentration, must occur through a semipermeable membrane
what is osmotic pressure?
the ability of water to generate enough pressure to lift a volume of water
what is filtration?
a type of passive mechanism that is not a random event in which molecules are forced through a membrane via hydrostatic pressure and this separated solids from liquids
what is hydrostatic pressure?
the weight of the water
what is endocytosis?
when particles are too large to be transported across a membrane by other means, they are conveyed in a vesicle through one of the three types of endocytosis
what are the types of endocytosis?
pinocytosis, phagocytosis, and receptor mediated endocytosis
what does pinocytosis mean?
cell drinking
what is pinocytosis?
the cell takes in extracellular fluid, the membrane indents, taking in the fluid and particles, and a vesicle forms and eventually disperses allowing the fluid and particles to enter the cytoplasm
what does phagocytosis mean?
cell eating
