Red book Questions- Final Exam Material

Question 1

What structure travels through the lumbocostal arch?

Answer 1

The major splanchnic nerve

Question 2

What structures pass through the aortic hiatus?

Answer 2

Aorta, azygous vein, thoracic duct

Question 3

What structures pass through the esophageal hiatus?

Answer 3

Esophagus and dorsal and ventral vagal trunks

Question 4

What structures pass through the caval foramen?

Answer 4

Caudal vena cava

Question 5

What is the numerical name for the accessory nerve?

Answer 5

CN XI

Question 6

What does the accessory nerve innervate?

Answer 6

Trapezius m.

Question 7

Where does CSN 2 emerge and what does it give rise to?

Answer 7

From the intervertebral foramen located between C1 and C2.

Gives rise to the great auricular nerve and the transverse cervical nerve

Question 8

What nerves pass through the omotransversarius?

Answer 8

Ventral branches of C3 and C4 pass through the muscle belly and the ventral branch of C5 is located along the ventral border of omotransversarius

Question 9

Are phrenic nerves somatic or autonomic?

Answer 9

Somatic

Question 10

What is thoracocentesis?

Answer 10

Aspiration of pleural fluid

Question 11

What is abdominocentesis?

Answer 11

The aspiration of peritoneal fluid

Question 12

What is the phrenicopericardial ligament in the dog and what is it called in large animals?

Answer 12

The continuation of the fibrous pericardium to the diaphragm; called sternopericardial ligament in large animals

Question 13

Where do right and left recurrent laryngeal nerves branch from and what kind of innervation do they carry?

Answer 13

The right branches from the right vagus nerve, curves around the right subclavian a., and extends from the mediastinum to supply SOMATIC innervation to the larynx

The left branches from the left vagus nerve and curves around the ligament up arteriosum and aortic arch, and extends from the mediastinum to supply SOMATIC innervation to the larynx

Question 14

What kind of innervation do the right and left phrenic nerve supply and to what structure?

Answer 14

SOMATIC , diaphragm

Question 15

What ligaments are found in the trachea and what muscle completes the ring dorsally?

Answer 15

Tracheal ligaments and trachealis muscle

Question 16

How is lobation of a lung determined?

Answer 16

By the lobar bronchi, not external fissures

Question 17

All species have deep fissures separating the various lobes of the lungs called external lobations. True or false?

Answer 17

False, all but the horse

Question 18

What species has evident external lobulations and what does it result in?

Answer 18

Bovine and porcine, makes them susceptible to interstitial emphysema

Question 19

What is special about the lungs of the ruminant and pig?

Answer 19

The cranial lobe of the right lung is supplied by the tracheal bronchus, which is the bronchus that branches directly from the trachea cranial to the cranial bifurcation

Question 20

What are other words for pre-synaptic and post-synaptic?

Answer 20

Pre-ganglionic and post-ganglionic respectively

Question 21

Ganglias are pre-sympathetic. True or false?

Answer 21

False- Ganglias are not pre or post anything.

Question 22

Where is the paravertebral ganglion?

Answer 22

adjacent to the spinal cord, within the paravertbral chain of ganglia

Question 23

Where is the prevertrebral ganglia?

Answer 23

caudal to the diaphragm and “in front” of the vertebrae; celia, cranial and caudal mesenteric ganglia

Question 24

What gives rise to the celiac branch of the celiacomesenteric plexus?

Answer 24

DORSAL vagal trunk

Question 25

What nerve comes off the celiacomesenteric plexus and runs to the pelvic plexus?

Answer 25

hypogastric nerve

Question 26

What is pulmonary circulation vs systemic circulation?

Answer 26

Pulmonary is between the heart and lungs

Systemic is between the heart and the rest of the body