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Chemistry > reactions of metals & the reactivity series (41-43) (paper 1) > Flashcards

reactions of metals & the reactivity series (41-43) (paper 1) Flashcards

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1
Q

what is produced when a metal and acid react

A
  • a salt
  • hydrogen
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2
Q

what is produced when a metal oxide reacts with an acid

A
  • a salt
  • water
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3
Q

what is produced when a metal carbonate reacts with an acid

A
  • a salt
  • carbon dioxide
  • water
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4
Q

what is produed when a metal hydroxide reacts with an acid

A
  • a salt
  • water
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5
Q

what does how metals react with acids tell you

A

how reactive they are

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6
Q

how can you work out the reactivity of a metal using a reaction

A

by reacting different metals woth dilute acids - the more reactive the metal the faster the reaction will go (very reactive metals will react explosively)

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7
Q

how would you do a practicle to investigate the differences in reactiveity of metals with acids

A
  • set up 3 boiling tubes with equal volumes of HCl or H2SO4
  • put peices of magnesium, iron, zinc of equal shape and size in the tubes
  • the speed of reaction is rate f hyrogen bubbles given off
  • hydrogen presence is confirmed by a buring split test
  • magnesium should give the loudest ‘squeaky pop’
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8
Q

what else do some metals react with

A

water

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9
Q

what is produced when a metal reacts with water

A
  • metal hydroxide
  • hydrogen
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10
Q

how do metals like potassium, sodium, lithium and calcium react with water

A

vigourously

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11
Q

what does less reactive metals reacat with

A

steam

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12
Q

what happens when potassium reacts with water and why

A

becasue as the reactivity of the metal increases so does the amount of energy given out by the reaction - potassium gives out enough energy to ignite hydrogen

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13
Q

does copper react with water

A

no

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14
Q

does copper react with steam

A

no

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15
Q

what is the definition of the reactivity series

A

it lists metals in order of reactivity towards other substances

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16
Q

list the reactivity series

A
  • potassium
  • sodium
  • lithium
  • calcium
  • magnesium
  • aluminium
  • carbon
  • zinc
  • iron
  • lead
  • hydrogen
  • copper
  • silver
  • gold
    (Please Stop Calling Me A Careless Zabra Instead Learn How Copper Saves Gold)
17
Q

what happens when more reactive metals react with less reactive metals in a compound and why

A

more react metals ddisplace less reactive metals out of their compound

18
Q

what can you work out from displacement reactions

A

the reactivity of metals

19
Q

how can you tell when a reaction has occured

A
  • there is a change in temperature
  • a more reactive metal will have a greater temperature than the less reactive one
20
Q

what is the equation for the rusting of iron

A

iron + oxygen + water -> hydrated iron (III) oxide

21
Q

when does rusting happen

A

in the presence of both water and oxygen

22
Q

what are the two methods of preventing rust

A
  • barrier methods
  • sacrificial methods (galvanising)
23
Q

what are the barrier methods to prevent rust

A
  • painting / coating with plastic
  • oiling or greasing
24
Q

what are the sacrificial methods to prevent rust

A
  • zinc is often used as a sacrificial method
  • zinc is more reactive than iron = it is oxidised instead of the iron
  • a coating of zinc sprayed on an object is galvanising, or blocks of zinc can be bolted to the iron
25
Q

what is oxidation

A

the addition of oxygen

26
Q

what is reduction

A

the loss of oxygen

27
Q

in this reaction what is oxidised:
2Mg + O2 -> 2MgO

A

the magnesium is oxidised = the reducing agent

28
Q

in this reaction what is reduced:
2CuO + C -> 2Cu + CO2

A

the copper oxide = it is the oxidising agent

29
Q

what is the oxidising agent

A

the substance which reduced

30
Q

what is the reducing agent

A

the substance which is oxidised

31
Q

What is the word equation for lithium and steam

A

Lithium + steam -> lithium oxide + hydrogen

32
Q

What is the word equation for lithium and water

A

Lithium + water -> lithium hydroxide + hydrogen

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