Random Psych bits Flashcards
What goes first in people with dementia, place, time or person?
Time first the place then person
What is mixed dementia?
In the most common form, the plaques and tangles associated with nerve cells in Alzheimer’s disease are present along with blood vessel changes associated with vascular dementia.
If you were asked to do an AMTS in an exam plus extra tests, what tests would you do and why Laura???
I would do an AMTS, and then test for verbal fluency with the animals in a minute question (an 80 year old should be getting 11), I would do the clock test to check for parietal lobe damage (maybe thinning in a MRI) to show sensory inattention( common in alzheimers). The AMTS tests disorientation to time, place and person.
In the ACE-111, you can test memory of an address of the person, you then can test recognition if they dont remember it, by giving 3 options for the answer, what does this test?
In both alzheimer’s and vascular dementia, the patients will struggle to recall the address, however people with vascular dementia are more likely to recognise the address once they’ve heard it whereas people with alzheimer’s wont even recognise.
Name two types of macrocytic anaemia?
Folate and B12 deficiency or could show an alcholics picture. HIGH MCV
How can a DAT scan help you in the diagnosis of Parkinson’s?
It can tell you whether the parkinsonian symptoms are due to idiopathic parkinsons or secondary to anti-psychotic medication.
Which area of the brain are you testing when you test for verbal fluency (finding the words like animals)?
Frontal lobe
What are the main cognition domains tested?
Orientation, time, place, person, attention, concentration, memory, language, construction.
What is the pneumonic to remember the cognition domains?
Old, tired, psychiatrists, persevere at creating mneumonic learning crap
Why would you encourage patients with parkinson’s to have a plain carpet for example?
They can often see spiders at night on the floor and ceiling.
Which anti-psychotic is used in Parkinson’s disease?
Quitiapine
Which drug helps with the extra-pyramidal side effects of anti-psychotics?
Procyclidine- Procyclidine is an anticholinergic drug principally used for the treatment of drug-induced parkinsonism, akathisia and acute dystonia; Parkinson disease; and idiopathic or secondary dystonia.
What is the only treatment for tardive dyskinesia?
clozaril
Why is tardive dyskinesia a problem mainly?
Patients are not usually bothered by it but it affects their chew and so they can loose weight.
What is over-inclusive thinking?
A type of association disorder observed in some schizophrenia patients. The individual is unable to think in a precise manner because of an inability to keep irrelevant elements outside perceptual boundaries.
What are circumstantial ideas?
An inability to answer a question without giving excessive, unnecessary detail. This differs from tangential thinking, in that the person does eventually return to the original point.
What is a side effect of Diazepam in older people?
It slows them down cognitively and it makes them at an increase risk of falls.
How long do you keep people on SSRIs for depression when the depression has improved?
At least a year
Who is most likely to get psychomotor agitation and psychomotor retardation as symptoms of depression?
Younger people will more likely get psychomotor retardation and older people will more likely get psychomotor agitation.
What is mood congruence?
Mood congruence is a type of recall biased mood congruent memory, not to be mistaken with mood-dependent memory, where an individual’s current mood or affective state determines the affective association of the memories that are recalled.
What is a personality disorder?
It is a severe disturbance in the personality and behavioural tendencies of the individual not directly resulting from disease/brain injury, usually involving several areas of the personality and really always associated with personal distress and social disruption.
What is the psychopathy behind personality disorders?
Mask of sanity, lack of empathy, lack of guilt, shallow affect, manipulation of others, callous unemotional traits.
What is the PCL-R?
The Psychopathy Checklist or Hare Psychopathy Checklist-Revised, now the Psychopathy Checklist—revised (PCL-R), is a psychological assessment tool most commonly used to assess the presence of psychopathy in individuals. It is a 20-item inventory of perceived personality traits and recorded behaviors, intended to be completed on the basis of a semi-structured interview along with a review of ‘collateral information’ such as official records. IT PROVIDES A MEANS OF DIAGNOSING PSYCHOPATHY- uses items which categorise presentation, affective state and lifestyle.
What is a HCR-20?
Historical clinical risk management 20. It is a structured clinical guide designed to assess the RISK of future violence. It is a checklist of 20 RISK FACTORS for violent behaviour. It includes static historical, present clinical and future RISK management variables.
What is assessed in order to be ‘fit to plead’?
You must understand the charges, understand the significance of pleading guilty, be able to follow a course of proceedings, be able to instruct solicitors and counsel and be able to challenge jurors (basically point out the bad guy in the jury).
What is a functional hallucination?
Functional hallucinations are a rare phenomenon, wherein hallucinations are triggered by a stimulus in the same modality, and co-occur with it. Hear a tap dripping, and then hear a voice.
What is a reflex hallucination?
Reflex hallucinations àReflex hallucinations are a morbid form of synesthesia. In a reflex hallucination , a stimulus in one sensory field produces a hallucination in another.
Hear a tap dripping, see a person.
