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Anatomy Semester 2 > Random cardio anatomy questions > Flashcards

Random cardio anatomy questions Flashcards

1
Q

What 3 arteries branch off the aortic arch (from left to right anteriorly)?

A

Brachiocephalic trunk
Left common carotid
Left subclavian

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2
Q

Where is the opening of the Right coronary artery?

A

The right aortic sinus

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3
Q

Where is the opening of the Left coronary artery?

A

The left aortic sinus

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4
Q

Where is the origin of the Right marginal artery?

A

Right coronary artery

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5
Q

Where is the origin of the Circumflex artery?

A

Left coronary artery

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6
Q

Where is the origin of the Left marginal artery?

A

Circumflex branch

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7
Q

Where does the thoracic aorta lie?

A

It lies posterior to the root of the left lung, the pericardium, and the oesophagus

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8
Q

How does the thoracic aorta change as it passes down the body?

A

It changes to the abdominal aorta anterior to the inferior border of the T12 vertebra, and it enters the abdomen through the aortic hiatus (opening) in the diaphragm.
- The aorta bifurcates into the left and right common iliac arteries at L4.

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9
Q

What is the origin of the Vagus (CN X) nerve?

A

8-10 rootlets from medulla of brainstem

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10
Q

What is the origin of the phrenic nerve?

A

Anterior rami of C3-C5 nerves

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11
Q

What is the origin of intercostals (1-11) nerves?

A

Anterior rami of T1-T11 nerves

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12
Q

What is the origin of the subcostal nerve?

A

Anterior ramus of T12 nerve

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13
Q

What is the origin of the Recurrent laryngeal nerve?

A

Vagus nerve

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14
Q

What is the origin of the cardiac plexus?

A

Cervical and cardiac branches of vagus nerve and sympathetic trunk

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15
Q

What is the origin of the pulmonary plexus?

A

Vagus nerve and sympathetic trunk

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16
Q

What is the origin of the esophageal plexus?

A

Vagus nerve, sympathetic ganglia and greater splanchnic nerve

17
Q

What does the posterior mediastinum contain?

A
  • Thoracic aorta
  • Thoracic duct
  • Posterior mediastinal lymph nodes
  • Azygos and hemi-azygos veins
  • Oesophagus
  • Thoracic sympathetic trunks
  • Thoracic splanchnic nerves
18
Q

What is the origin of the ascending aorta?

A

Aortic orifice of left ventricle

19
Q

What is the origin of the arch of aorta?

A

Continuation of ascending aorta

20
Q

What is the origin of the thoracic aorta?

A

Continuation of arch of aorta

21
Q

What is the origin of the posterior intercostal arteries?

A

Posterior aspect of thoracic aorta

22
Q

What is the origin of the bronchial arteries?

A

Anterior aspect of aorta or posterior intercostal artery

23
Q

What is the origin of the Oesophageal arteries?

A

Anterior aspect of thoracic aorta

24
Q

What is the origin of the superior phrenic artery(ies)?

A

Anterior aspect of thoracic aorta

25
Q

What structures are in the superior mediastinum?

A
  • Thymus
  • Trachea
  • Oesophagus
  • Thoracic duct
  • Arch of aorta
  • Superior vena cava
26
Q

What structures are in the anterior mediastinum?

A
  • Fat (adipose tissue)
  • Some lymphatic vessels
  • Branches of the internal thoracic vessels
27
Q

What structures are in the middle mediastinum?

A
  • Heart
  • Pericardium
  • Ascending aorta
  • Pulmonary trunk
  • Superior vena cava
  • Cardiac plexus
  • Phrenic nerves
28
Q

Which fetal shunt connects the aorta to the pulmonary artery?

A

Ductus arteriosus

29
Q

What 4 sections can the aorta be divided into?

A
  • Ascending aorta
  • Aortic arch
  • Thoracic (descending) aorta
  • Abdominal aorta
30
Q

At what level does the aorta bifurcate?

A

L4

- It bifurcates into the left and right common iliac arteries.

31
Q

What is coarctation of the aorta?

A

It refers to narrowing of the vessel, usually at the insertion of the ligamentum arteriosum (former ductus arteriosus).

  • It is a congenital condition.
  • The narrow vessel has an increased resistance to blood flow, which increases the after-load for the left ventricle – leading to left ventricular hypertrophy.

Anatomy Semester 2 (13 decks)

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