CVS wet room 1

Question 1

What is the coronary sinus?

Answer 1

A wide venous channel on the posterior surface of the heart

Question 2

Where do the coronary arteries and cardiac veins lie in the heart?

Answer 2

They lie together in both the atrioventricular (coronary) sulcus and the interventricular sulci (grooves) of the heart wall

Question 3

From which part of the aorta do the coronary arteries arise?

Answer 3

Aortic sinuses

Question 4

Which pair of coronary arteries anastomose in the coronary sulcus?

Answer 4

Right coronary artery & Circumflex artery

Question 5

Which pair of coronary arteries anastomose in the interventricular sulcus?

Answer 5

Anterior interventricular artery & Posterior interventricular artery

Question 6

Do cardiac muscle cells have good regenerative properties?

Answer 6

NO they have poor regenerative properties

Question 7

Where does the great cardiac vein lie?

Answer 7

It lies alongside the left coronary artery in the anterior interventricular groove

Question 8

Where does the middle cardiac vein lie?

Answer 8

It lies alongside the posterior interventricular artery in the posterior interventricular groove

Question 9

Where does the small cardiac vein lie?

Answer 9

It lies alongside the marginal artery near the right inferior margin of the heart

Question 10

Where does the coronary sinus lie?

Answer 10

It lies alongside the circumflex artery in the coronary sulcus on the posterior surface of the heart

Question 11

Where do the coronary sinus veins drain?

Answer 11

They drain directly into the right atrium

Question 12

At what level is the beginning and termination of the aortic arch?

Answer 12

T4

Question 13

At what vertebral level is the bifurcation of the abdominal aorta?

Answer 13

L4

Question 14

At what vertebral level is the bifurcation of the common iliac arteries?

Answer 14

L5

Question 15

Which chest wall arteries arise from the descending thoracic aorta?

Answer 15

Posterior intercostal arteries

Question 16

Which chest wall arteries arise from the internal (mammary) artery?

Answer 16

Anterior intercostal arteries

Question 17

Which artery gives origin to the internal thoracic artery?

Answer 17

Subclavian artery

Question 18

At which vertebral level do the common iliac arteries arise?

Answer 18

They arise at L4 and lie in iliac fossae (terminal branches of descending aorta)

Question 19

At which vertebral level do the external iliac arteries arise?

Answer 19

They arise at L5 and become the femoral aa. (terminal branch of common iliac)

Question 20

At which vertebral level do the internal iliac arteries arise?

Answer 20

They arise at L5 and supply pelvic viscera. (Terminal branch of common iliac)

Question 21

What are the 2 main veins draining blood from the body?

Answer 21

Superior vena cava (SVC) - which drains blood from the head, neck and upper limbs

Inferior vena cava (IVC) - which drains blood from abdominal and pelvic cavities and lower limbs

Question 22

What are the tributaries of the superior vena cava?

Answer 22

• Left and right Brachiocephalic veins

- Azygos vein

Question 23

What are the tributaries of the inferior vena cava?

Answer 23

Left and right common iliac veins

Question 24

What is the function of the azygos venous system?

Answer 24

It drains blood from the posterior intercostal veins to the SVC.
- It consists of the azygos vein on the right side of the posterior mediastinum, and the hemiazygos venous system on the left side.

Question 25

Into which vein does the azygos vein drain?

Answer 25

Superior vena cava

Question 26

Which chest wall veins are drained by the azygos and hemiazygos venous systems?

Answer 26

Posterior intercostal

Question 27

Where is the apex beat found?

Answer 27

5th intercostal space/ midclavicular line