CVS wet room 1 Flashcards
What is the coronary sinus?
A wide venous channel on the posterior surface of the heart
Where do the coronary arteries and cardiac veins lie in the heart?
They lie together in both the atrioventricular (coronary) sulcus and the interventricular sulci (grooves) of the heart wall
From which part of the aorta do the coronary arteries arise?
Aortic sinuses
Which pair of coronary arteries anastomose in the coronary sulcus?
Right coronary artery & Circumflex artery
Which pair of coronary arteries anastomose in the interventricular sulcus?
Anterior interventricular artery & Posterior interventricular artery
Do cardiac muscle cells have good regenerative properties?
NO they have poor regenerative properties
Where does the great cardiac vein lie?
It lies alongside the left coronary artery in the anterior interventricular groove
Where does the middle cardiac vein lie?
It lies alongside the posterior interventricular artery in the posterior interventricular groove
Where does the small cardiac vein lie?
It lies alongside the marginal artery near the right inferior margin of the heart
Where does the coronary sinus lie?
It lies alongside the circumflex artery in the coronary sulcus on the posterior surface of the heart
Where do the coronary sinus veins drain?
They drain directly into the right atrium
At what level is the beginning and termination of the aortic arch?
T4
At what vertebral level is the bifurcation of the abdominal aorta?
L4
At what vertebral level is the bifurcation of the common iliac arteries?
L5
Which chest wall arteries arise from the descending thoracic aorta?
Posterior intercostal arteries
Which chest wall arteries arise from the internal (mammary) artery?
Anterior intercostal arteries
Which artery gives origin to the internal thoracic artery?
Subclavian artery
At which vertebral level do the common iliac arteries arise?
They arise at L4 and lie in iliac fossae (terminal branches of descending aorta)
At which vertebral level do the external iliac arteries arise?
They arise at L5 and become the femoral aa. (terminal branch of common iliac)
At which vertebral level do the internal iliac arteries arise?
They arise at L5 and supply pelvic viscera. (Terminal branch of common iliac)
What are the 2 main veins draining blood from the body?
Superior vena cava (SVC) - which drains blood from the head, neck and upper limbs
Inferior vena cava (IVC) - which drains blood from abdominal and pelvic cavities and lower limbs
What are the tributaries of the superior vena cava?
- Left and right Brachiocephalic veins
- Azygos vein
What are the tributaries of the inferior vena cava?
Left and right common iliac veins
What is the function of the azygos venous system?
It drains blood from the posterior intercostal veins to the SVC.
- It consists of the azygos vein on the right side of the posterior mediastinum, and the hemiazygos venous system on the left side.
Into which vein does the azygos vein drain?
Superior vena cava
Which chest wall veins are drained by the azygos and hemiazygos venous systems?
Posterior intercostal
Where is the apex beat found?
5th intercostal space/ midclavicular line
