Dry room Thorax 1 Flashcards
Which bones articulate with the manubrium at its superolateral angles?
Clavicle
What is the name given to the notch formed by the superior border of the manubrium?
Jugular notch
At what vertebral level is the xiphoid process located?
T10
At what vertebral level is the sternomanubrial joint found?
T4/5
Facets for 2nd costal cartilage. With which component parts of the sternum do these articulate?
Manubrium, sternal angle
What articulates with tubercle of rib?
Transverse process of costal facet
Which structures lie in the costal groove of the rib?
Intercostal vessels and nerve
Which ribs are true ribs?
1-7
Which ribs are false ribs?
8-10
Which ribs are floating ribs?
11-12
Which vessel lies anterior to the tubercle?
Subclavian vein
Which vessel lies posterior to the tubercle?
Subclavian artery
What shape is the body of a typical thoracic vertebra?
Heart shaped, curved along its length
What are the meninges composed of?
Dura mater, Pia mater, Arachnoid
What part of the rib articulates with the articular facet on the tip of the transverse process?
Tubercle
Which ribs are most commonly fractured?
Ribs 5-10 are because they are more exposed and fixed.
- The ends of a fractured rib may then perforate the pleura resulting in a fractured rib.
Which ribs/costal cartilages form the costal margin (subcostal angle)?
T7-10
Which costal cartilages are directly attached to the sternum?
T1-6
Which costal cartilages are indirectly attached to the sternum through attachment to preceding costal cartilages?
CC7-10
Which muscle is primarily used for breathing in newborns?
The Diaphragm
Between which two intercostal muscles is the neurovascular bundle located?
Internal and Innermost intercostal muscles
From superior to inferior, which structures comprise the neurovascular bundle?
VAN - vein, artery, nerve.
In which area of the rib is the neurovascular bundle located?
Costal groove
Identify the tissue layers of the chest wall that a chest drain needle will transverse from superficial to deep
- Skin
- Superficial fascia
- Deep fascia (surrounding the muscles)
- External intercostal muscle
- Lateral intercostal muscle
- Innermost intercostal muscle
- Parietal pleura of the lung
- Pleural cavity
- Visceral pleura (needle should not go through this layer)
What type of cartilage (hyaline, fibro-, elastic) is found in the respiratory tract?
Hyaline
What connective tissue fibre (collagen, elastin, reticulin) predominates in the respiratory tract?
Elastin
What type of muscle fibre (skeletal, smooth) is found in the respiratory tract?
Smooth
Name the two cell types found in the epithelial layer?
Goblet cells & columnar cells with cilia
Epithelial layer - What is this type of epithelium called?
Pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium
What tubular structure lies immediately posterior to the trachea?
Oesophagus
What is the name given to the smooth muscle found in the posterior wall of the trachea?
Trachealis muscle
What is the function of the posterior strip of smooth muscle found in the tracheal wall?
Contraction - reduces tracheal diameter
