Radiology Flashcards
the ejection of an electron from na atom, produces charged ion pairs or free radicals
ionization
the ______ the group’s wavelength, the stronger the energy, x-rays produce ionization, others do not
shorter
60 impulses of x-rays = ?
1 second
descrive the number or electron flowing
Amps (mA)
describes the potential differences between the - and + and the speed or force of the moving electrons toward the + charge
Volts (kVp)
want short or long wavelength?
short- better quality
filters out weak x ray photons
aluminium filtration
what affects penetration quality?
kVp and filtration
what affects quantity?
mA, exposure time, kVp, aluminum filtration, distance
more photons = more ?
density (energy=blackness)
how to get more photons
lower filtration/distance, also affected by mA, kVp, exposure time
a short scale contrast is from ?
less kVp and aluminum
what affects contrast?
kVp and filtration only
area of unsharpness
penumbra
SLOB rule
same ling, opposite buccal
if the distance is doubled or halved, the original energy changes by factor of ___?
4
free radicals of water
hyrdolysis
why are children more sensitive to radiation?
rapid cell mitosis
GO OVER EVERYTHING AGAIN IN CHAPTER
seriously, do it
MPD occupational old units
5 rem/yr
MPD non occupational old units
.05 rem/yr
MPD occupational new units
.05 sv/yr (50msv)
MPD non occupational new units
.005 sv/yr (5msv)
beam size at the pts face can be no larger than ____ inches
2.75
must have at least ____ of total aluminum filtration for up to and including 70kVp, if above 70 kVp it requires ____
1.5 mm, 2.5 mm
more or less radiation with long cone?
less
operator should stand at least ____ from the scatter course measures from pts head
6 feet
